南阳市小麦及其制品呕吐毒素污染调查

Investigation on vomitoxin pollution in wheat and its products in Nanyang city

目的了解河南省南阳市小麦及其制品中呕吐毒素(DON)污染情况,及时发现食品安全风险隐患,为实施防控措施提供参考。方法2017—2020年采集南阳市收购、流通、生产、餐饮、网购环节的小麦、面粉、生湿面条、干挂面和馒头样品135份,用超高效液相色谱—串联质谱联用方法检测DON及其衍生物含量。结果2017—2020年南阳市小麦及其制品中DON检出率分别为79.4%,100.00%,88.9%和76.7%,平均检出率85.9%;DON超标率8.1%、平均值293.2μg/kg;2018年检出率(100.0%)、超标率(19.2%)和平均值(789.4μg/kg)均最高,5类样品均检出DON,其中4类样品检出率超过80.0%,分别为面粉(94.1%)、生湿面条(83.3%)、干挂面(88.9%)和馒头(96.4%)。结论南阳市小麦及其制品中DON污染较广泛,部分年度污染程度较重;应加强监督和抽检频次,减少人群摄入DON造成的健康危害。

Objective To understand the situation of vomitoxin(DON)pollution in wheat and its products in Nanyang city of Henan province,and timely find out the potential food safety risk,so as to provide reference for implementing prevention and control measures.Methods There were 135 samples of wheat,flour,wet raw and dried noodles and steamed bread collected from the links of purchase,circulation,production,catering and online shopping in Nanyang city from 2017 to 2020.The contents of DON and its derivatives in the samples were detected with the combined utilization of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry method.Results The detection rate of DON in wheat and its products was 79.4%,100.00%,88.9%and 76.7%,respectively in Nanyang city from 2017 to 2020,with the average detection rate of 85.9%,over standard rate of 8.1%,and the average content of 293.2μg/kg.The detection rate(100.0%),over standard rate(19.2%)and average content(789.4μg/kg)in 2018 were the highest in each year.The DON was detected in all types of the samples,with the detection rate more than 80.0%in 4 types of samples,including 94.1%of flour,83.3%of wet raw noodles,88.9%of dry noodles and 96.4%of steamed bread.Conclusions The DON pollution widely exists in wheat and its products in Nanyang city,and the pollution degree is serious in part of these years.The supervision and frequency of sampling and detection should be strengthened for reducing the hazard to people’s health due to DON intake.