不同卫生检验方法测定尿中汞含量的比较

Comparison of detection for mercury content in urine with different hygienic inspection methods

目的比较微波消解—原子荧光法、湿法消解—原子荧光法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)3种方法测定尿中汞含量的适用范围。方法分别采用3种方法测定尿中汞含量,比较精密度、准确度和回收率。结果微波消解—原子荧光法回收率87.9%~101.4%、精密度1.4%~5.1%、最低检出限0.069 1μg/L;湿法消解—原子荧光法回收率95.8%~103.6%、精密度2.1%~4.2%、最低检出限0.012 2μg/L;ICP-MS回收率92.5%~102.1%、精密度2.7%~4.6%、最低检出限0.045 5μg/L。结论 3种方法均可满足尿中汞含量测定的要求;普通人群检测首选湿法消解—原子荧光法,汞中毒和从业人员职业健康检测首选微波消解—原子荧光法,多种微量金属元素同时检测首选ICP-MS。

Objective To compare the application ranges of mercury content in urine with 3 methods of microwave digestion-atomic fluorescence, wet digestion-atomic fluorescence, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICPMS). Methods Three methods were separately taken for detecting the content of mercury in urine to compare the rates of precision, accuracy and recovery. Results The rates of recovery, precision and the lowest detection were 87.9%-101.4%,1.4%-5.1%, and 0.069 1 μg/L, respectively by microwave digestion-atomic fluorescence, 95.8%-103.6%, 2.1%-4.2% and 0.012 2 μg/L, respectively by wet digestion-atomic fluorescence, 92.5%-102.1%, 2.7%-4.6% and 0.045 5 μg/L, respectively by ICP-MS. Conclusions Three methods can all meet the requirements for detecting mercury content in urine. The wet digestion-atomic fluorescence spectrometry is the first choice for the detection in general population, the microwave digestion-atomic fluorescence assay can be taken as the first choice in the people with mercury poisoning and occupational health examination, the ICP-MS can be preferred for simultaneous detection for multiple trace metal elements.