柠檬精油吸入对妇科腹腔镜患者术后恶心呕吐及早期恢复质量的影响

The effects of lemon essential oil inhalation on postoperative nausea and vomiting and early recovery quality in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy

目的观察妇科腹腔镜手术患者全麻复苏期柠檬精油吸入对术后恶心呕吐及早期恢复质量的影响。方法选择2021年2-4月择期行妇科腹腔镜手术的90例患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组45例。患者在麻醉复苏室(PACU)拔除喉罩后,实验组用含0.2 mL柠檬精油的5 mL灭菌注射用水浸湿医用纱布覆盖在患者口鼻上,持续嗅闻气味30 min;对照组只用5 mL灭菌注射用水湿纱布覆盖患者口鼻30 min。记录2组术后0~2 h、>2~6 h、>6~12 h、>12~24 h恶心、呕吐的发生人数并计算24 h恶心及呕吐发生的曲线下面积(AUC);2组术后24 h咽喉痛及腹胀情况、术后首次肛门排气时间和首次进食时间;2组术后第1天、第3天采用恢复质量量表(QoR-15)来评价患者术后的恢复。结果实验组术后24 h恶心、呕吐发生的曲线下面积显著低于对照组(P<0.001),实验组术后0~2 h恶心发生率、术后2~6 h呕吐发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。实验组术后24 h咽喉痛发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组术后腹胀发生率、首次肛门排气时间和首次进食时间差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。与术前相比,2组患者术后1 d QoR-15评分均下降(P<0.05),但术后1 d实验组患者评分高于对照组(P<0.05),其中身体舒适维度评分明显增高(P<0.05)。结论柠檬精油吸入能够降低妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后24 h恶心、呕吐的发生率,改善术后咽喉痛、提高早期恢复质量。

Objective To explore the effects of Lemon essential oil inhalation on postoperative nausea and vomiting and early recovery quality in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy.Methods A total of 90 patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery were selected and divided into experimental group and control group,with 45 cases in each group.After the patients were removed from the laryngeal mask in Postanesthesia Care Unit(PACU),medical gauze soaked in 5 mL sterile injection water containing 0.2 mL lemon essential oil was applied to the mouth and nose of the patients in experimental group for continuous smelling for half an hour;control group covered the mouth and nose with wet gauze only soaked in 5 mL sterile injection water for half an hour.The number of patients with nausea and vomiting in 0~2 h,2~6 h,6~12 h,12~24 h after surgery was recorded,and the area under the curve(AUC)of nausea and vomiting within 24 hours after surgery was calculated in both groups.Postoperative throat pain and abdominal distension,first anal exhaust time,first feeding time,the score of QoR-15 one day before surgery,one day and three days after surgery were recorded in both groups.Results The area under the curve of nausea and vomiting within 24 hours after surgery in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.001).The incidence of nausea in 0~2 h,vomiting in 2~6 h,postoperative sore throat within 24 h after surgery in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative abdominal distension,first anal exhaust time and first feeding time between the two groups(P>0.05).Compared with the day before operation,QoR-15 scores of in both groups decreased one day after surgery(P<0.05),but the scores in experimental group were higher than that in control group(P<0.05),and the scores of physical comfort dimension were significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusions Lemon essential oil inhalation can effectively reduce the incidence rate of nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery,as well as improve postoperative sore throat and early recovery quality.