一种改进的PID控制在温控系统中的应用

Application of an Improved PID Algorithm in Temperature Control System

温控系统具有时变性、非线性及纯滞后性等特点,针对此问题,设计了一套基于STM32微控制器为核心的温控系统,下位机主要负责实时采集温度信息与调节半导体制冷器TEC的工作功率,同时通过串口传输温度信息到计算机软件端,计算机软件端依据接收当前的温度与设定的目标温度进行温度调节,将PID调节输出值发送给下位机软件实现一次闭环的温度调节控制。此外,设计了一种改进的PID温控算法,主要体现于引入了积分分离、变积分及抗积分饱和等优化算法。实验结果表明,改进的PID控制算法比传统的PID算法具有系统响应速度快、误差小、稳定性高等优点,在恒温控制的场合具有一定的应用和推广价值。

The temperature control system has the characteristics of time-varying,nonlinear and pure lag.To solve this problem,a temperature control system based on STM32 microcontroller is designed.The lower computer is mainly responsible for collecting temperature information in real time and adjusting the working power of semiconductor cooler TEC.At the same time,the temperature information is transmitted to the computer software through serial port,the computer software adjusts the temperature according to the received current temperature and the set target temperature,and sends the PID adjustment output value to the lower computer s oftware to realize a closed-loop temperature a djustment control.In a ddition,a n improved PID temperature control algorithm is designed,which is mainly ref lected in the introduction of optimization algorithms such a s integral separation,variable integral a nd a nti integral saturation.T he experimental results show that the improved PID control algorithm has the advantages of fast system response,small error and high stability compared with the traditional PID algorithm.It has certain application and popularization value in the occasion of constant temperature control.