保水剂与肥料配施对土壤水分和酶活及烤烟生长的影响

Effects of Water Retaining Agent Combined with Fertilizer on Soil Moisture,Enzyme Activity and Growth of Flue-cured Tobacco

为了找到缓解昌宁植烟区因季节性干旱影响烤烟生长发育问题的有效措施,以烤烟红花大金元为材料,采用正交试验研究了不同用量的保水剂、有机肥及微生物菌剂配合施用对土壤水分、酶活性及烤烟生长的影响。结果表明:保水剂是影响土壤含水量、酶活性、烤烟农艺性状和产量的最主要因素,有机肥等氮替代基肥比例是影响中上等烟比例和产值的最主要因素;保水剂和有机肥、微生物菌剂配合施用可以提高土壤含水量、抑制部分酶活性、促进烤烟生长、增加烟叶产量和产值,但保水剂与有机肥、微生物菌剂不同比例的配合施用对土壤含水量、烤烟农艺性状及经济性状的影响效果存在差异,施有保水剂的处理根际土壤含水量明显高于未施保水剂的处理,烤烟生长发育良好,整体上以T5处理相对较好。

In order to find the effective measures to alleviate the influence of seasonal drought on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco in Changning tobacco growing area,the flue-cured tobacco Honghuadajinyuan was used as material,and the effects of different dosage of water retaining agent,organic fertilizer and microbial agent on soil moisture,enzyme activity and growth of flue-cured tobacco were studied by orthogonal test.The results showed that water retaining agent was the most important factor affecting soil moisture content,enzyme activity,agronomic traits and yield of flue-cured tobacco,and the proportion of organic fertilizer and other nitrogen substituting for base fertilizer was the most important factor affecting the proportion and output value of medium and high-grade tobacco.The combined application of water retaining agent,organic fertilizer and microbial agent could increase soil moisture content,inhibit some enzyme activities,promote tobacco growth and increase tobacco yield and output value.However,the effects of different proportions of water retaining agent,organic fertilizer and microbial agent on soil moisture content,agronomic and economic properties of flue-cured tobacco were different,the soil moisture content of the treatment with the processing of water retaining agent was significantly higher than that without water retaining agent,and the flue-cured tobacco growth and development were good.Overall,the T5 treatment was relatively better.