苦荞调控血糖功效及其在糖尿病人主食开发中的应用

Function of Tartary Buckwheat in Regulating Blood Glucose and Its Applicationin Developing Staple Food for Diabetic Patients

糖尿病已成为全球性的健康危机。中国具有全球最多的糖尿病患者,数量高达1.14亿人,更有近5亿的糖尿病前期人群。饮食控制对于二型糖尿病人的血糖控制至关重要。而苦荞作为药食同源的谷物,兼具主食和调控血糖的双重营养功能。本文就苦荞调控血糖健康功效的科学证据、物质基础及其研究进展进行综述,经分析,发现仍然缺乏对苦荞中蛋白质、活性肽、膳食纤维及抗性淀粉等血糖调控作用的深入研究。同时,分析了苦荞在主食加工过程中的营养保持及品质提升。基于以上科学证据,文章提出了苦荞作为糖尿病主食所具备的潜力以及面临的挑战,以期为苦荞特征功能成分的进一步挖掘和作为糖尿病特殊膳食食品应用提供思路。

Diabetes has become a global health crisis.China has the largest number of diabetic patients in the world as high as 114 million,and nearly 500 million people with pre-diabetes.Dietary intervention is essential for glycemic control in the type 2 diabetic patients.Tartary buckwheat,as both grain and medicine,plays the dual nutritional roles in staple food and glycemic regulation.In the present study,the scientific evidence,material basis and research progress of tartary buckwheat in regulating blood glucose were reviewed.It was found that there is still a lack of in-depth study on the anti-hyperglycemic effects of protein,peptide,dietary fiber and resistant starch in tartary buckwheat.Moreover,the nutritional maintenance and quality improvement of tartary buckwheat during main food processing were analyzed.Accordingly,the potential and challenges of tartary buckwheat as a main food for diabetes were proposed,in order to provide reference for further exploration of functional components of tartary buckwheat and its application as special dietary food for diabetes mellitus.