彝族诺苏人婚俗中大盖头探析——以剑川县江头村田野调查为个案

An Analysis of the Big Cover in Nuosu’s Marriage Customs:A Case Study of Jiangtou Village in Jianchuan County

剑川县江头村彝族诺苏人于清中叶陆续从四川大凉山彝族地区迁徙到此地,在婚俗上依旧传承着大凉山彝族婚俗传统。其中大盖头在彝族诺苏人结婚迎亲仪式中起着重要的作用,如上承家支传统,告诫新娘切莫忘祖;下启血脉延续,给予美好祝愿,具有避邪穰灾、多子多福的寓意。结合凉山彝族神话史诗《勒俄特依》、历史调查报告,比较汉族红盖头婚俗,揭示彝族婚俗中大盖头的独特性,从而对彝族诺苏支系婚俗有一个更深入的认识。

The Nuosu Yi people of Jiangtou village in Jianchuan County migrated from Daliang Mountain in Sichuan Province in the middle of Qing Dynasty, and still inherited the marriage custom of Liangshan Yi people. Among them, "Da gaitou" plays an important role in Nuosu Yi People’s wedding ceremony. As a family tradition, it warns the bride not to forget her ancestors, to continue her blood and give good wishes. It has the intention of avoiding evil spirits and disasters, and to have more sons and more blessings. Based on the legend and historical investigation reports of Liangshan Yi epic "le’oteyi", this paper compares the marriage customs of Han ethnic group with that of Han ethnic group, reveals the uniqueness of "Da gaitou" in the marriage customs of Yi ethnic group, so as to have a deeper understanding of the marriage customs of Nuosu Yi ethnic group.