从毕摩剪纸艺术看彝族的信仰世界

On Yi People’s Belief World from Bimo Paper Cut Pattern

毕摩剪纸艺术是彝族原始宗教中一种传承文化记忆的象征符号,也是毕摩与祖先、神灵、鬼魂进行沟通的媒介。在彝族原始宗教的一些祭仪中,毕摩以不同的剪纸艺术来代替各种祭物祭献及各种神灵、鬼神,显现出毕摩剪纸艺术独特的功用。文章通过对不同仪式中的毕摩剪纸艺术进行分析,挖掘蕴含在毕摩剪纸艺术背后的文化记忆和精神世界,探寻彝族信仰,包括民俗信仰、宗教观念和思维方式等,对丰富彝族多姿多彩的民俗文化艺术乃至了解整个民族精神和情感有着积极作用。

Bimo paper cutting is a symbol of inheriting cultural memory in the religious life of Yi people, and it is also a cultural carrier for Bimo to communicate with ancestors, gods and ghosts. In some religious rituals of Yi people, Bimo uses different paper-cut patterns to replace various sacrifices for ghosts and gods, playing its unique function and role. Through the analysis of Bimo papercut patterns in different rituals, this paper explores the cultural memory and spiritual world hidden behind the paper-cut patterns, and explores Yi People’s beliefs, including folk beliefs, religious concepts and ways of thinking. It plays a positive role in enriching Yi People’s colorful folk culture and art and understanding the spirit and emotion of the whole ethnic group.