宗教人类学视野下送王船仪式研究

A Study of the Wangye Worshipping from the Perspective of Religious Anthropology

文章从送王船定义、历史渊源及传播现状入手,阐述厦门港沙坡尾地区海洋信仰发展、龙珠殿沿革及其王船仪式的历史变迁过程。以2017年度厦港龙珠殿送王船仪式为例,阐释其活动组织、仪式空间的建构、王醮科仪等环节中的深刻意蕴,揭示民间宗教表象下的思想体系及其社会功能,论述新时期传承王船祭的必要性。西方部分学者一度尝试用精英阶层的"儒、释、道"理论解释中国民间信仰,认为民间信仰不过是"三教"的附属和变异,否定其主体性。文章基于二分法研究范式和田野调查,实证中国民间信仰作为底层分散性宗教,相比顶层制度性宗教具有更强大生命力,属于广泛意义上的"中国教"。

This article starts with the definition, historical origins, and dissemination of Wangye Worshipping, and introduces the development of the marine belief in the Shapowei area of Xiamen Port, the evolution of the Dragon Ball Hall and the historical changes of the Wangye Worshipping ceremony. Taking the ceremony of sending the Wangye Worshipping in the Dragon Ball Hall of Xiamen Port in 2017 as an example, it explained the profound connotation in the activities organization, the construction of the ceremonial space, the Wangye Worshipping ceremonial and other links, and revealed the ideological system and social function under the appearance of folk religion, Demonstrated the necessity of inheriting the Wangye Worshipping in the new period.