小儿外耳矫正器在小儿先天性耳廓畸形治疗中的应用

Application of Auricular Orthosis in the Treatment of Children with Congenital Auricular Deformity

目的探讨小儿外耳矫正器在治疗小儿先天性耳廓畸形中的应用效果。方法收集先天性耳廓畸形患者60例(76耳),男童32例(42耳),女童28例(34耳),年龄3~510 d,按佩戴的起始年龄(<1个月、1~3个月、>3个月)分为3组(第1~3组),均采用小儿外耳矫正器对先天性耳廓畸形进行非手术治疗。治疗后定期随访,根据耳廓形态的改善情况分为正常、接近正常、有改善但不正常、无改善4个等级。比较不同组别患儿的治疗效果。结果第1组27耳,第2组28耳,第3组21耳。总有效率78.95%,改善率21.05%,无效率0%。3组的有效率分别为77.78%、78.57%和80.95%,组间两两比较,差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组的平均佩戴治疗时间,第1组<第2组<第3组,其中第1组与第2组间差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。最长随访时间2 a,未见复发。结论应用小儿外耳矫正器治疗小儿先天性耳廓形态畸形,越早治疗效果越好,治疗时间也越短。

Objective To investigate the effect of auricular orthosis correction in the treatment of congenital auricular deformity.Methods From December 2017 to December 2019,60 patients(76 ears)aged 3 days to 17 months,including 32 boys(42 ears),and 28 girls(34 ears)who underwent non-surgical pediatric prosthesis,were included in this study.Patients divided into three groups according to the starting age(<1 month,1-3 months,>3 months),all used auricular orthosis for correction.Regular follow-up after treatment were carried out.The improvement of auricle morphology was divided into 4 levels:normal,near normal,improvement but abnormal,and no improvement.Comparison of the treatment effect on the children was performed in different day andage groups.Results Number of the ears being studied:27 in group 1(aged<1 month),28 in group 2(aged 1-3 months),and 21 in group 3(aged>3 months).Overall efficacy was 78.95%with improvement rate of 21.05%and 0%inefficency.Efficacyin each age group was 77.78%(group 1),78.57%(group 2),and 80.95%(group 3).The efficacy rate comparison among the three groups showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Average wear time comparison in three groups was:group 1<group 2<group 3.However the difference in the wear time was statistically significant between group 1 and group 2(P<0.01).No recurrence was observed at the maximum follow-up time of 2 years.Conclusion The application of pediatric auricular orthotics to treat pediatric congenital auricular deformity can be effective.In principle,the earlier the treatment starts,the better the effect will be,the shorter the treatment time.