白光和红光光周期对西兰花芽苗菜生理生化和萝卜硫苷代谢的影响

Effects of White and Red Light Photoperiods on Physiology and Biochemistry as well as Glucoraphanin Metabololism of Broccoli Sprouts

本文研究了白光和红光不同光周期(0、4、8、12、16和20 h·d^(−1))对西兰花芽苗菜生长、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、抗坏血酸、花色苷和萝卜硫苷代谢的影响。结果表明:光照抑制西兰花芽苗的生长,红光较白光处理能够促进西兰花芽苗芽长增长;随着光周期的延长,西兰花芽苗菜中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、抗坏血酸、萝卜硫苷和总硫苷含量、黑芥子酶活力以及萝卜硫素含量均呈现先增加后降低的趋势。相较于白光,红光明显提高了西兰花芽苗菜中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、抗坏血酸和萝卜硫苷含量。但白光处理下花色苷含量明显高于红光处理。在光周期小于12 h·d^(−1)时,红光处理下萝卜硫素形成量显著高于白光处理(P<0.05),而当光周期大于12 h·d^(−1)时,红光处理下萝卜硫素形成与白光处理之间差异不显著甚至低于白光处理。总之,红光相较于白光更有利于提高西兰花芽苗菜的产量和营养品质,12 h·d^(−1)是比较适合的光周期。

In this study,the effects of white light and red light at different photoperiods(0,4,8,12,16 and 20 h·d^(−1))on growth,contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein,ascorbic acid,anthocyanins as well as glucoraphanin metabolism of broccoli sprouts were studied.The results showed that the growth of broccoli sprouts was inhibited by light treatment,but red light promoted the growth compared with white light.With the increasing of light photoperiods,the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein,ascorbic acid,glucoraphanin and total glucosinolates,myrosinase activity as well as sulforaphane formation firstly increased,then decreased.Compared with white light,red light significantly enhanced soluble sugar,soluble protein,ascorbic acid and glucoraphanin content in broccoli sprouts.However,higher anthocyanin content was observed in white light treated broccoli sprouts rather than red light treated broccoli sprouts.In addition,when photoperiod was less than 12 h,red light resulted in higher sulforaphane formation than white light(P<0.05).When photoperiod was more than 12 h,red light did not affect even decreased sulforaphane formation compared with white light treatment.In conclusion,red light treatment was beneficial to the enhancement of yield and nutritional quality of broccoli sprouts compared with white light,and 12 h·d^(−1) was the appropriate photoperiods.