体育科研中运用主成分综合评价法所面临的风险

The Risks of Applying Principal Component Comprehensive Evaluation in Sports Scientific Research

针对主成分综合评价法在体育科研中究竟能否使用的问题,本文基于对综合评价的要求和主成分分析方法特点的分析,讨论了运用主成分综合评价法所面临的风险。结果显示:用主成分分析法精简评价指标,不能控制价值信息的损失;评价指标的主成分未必反映价值信息;主成分的方差贡献率难以代表权重系数;各个主成分的加权代数和很难反映综合价值量。而且,一般情况下这些风险难以规避。结论认为,主成分综合评价法不适合作为一种固化的综合评价方法,建议在体育综合评价中不要使用。

In view of the question whether the principal component comprehensive evaluation method can be used in sports scientific research,based on the analysis of the requirements of the comprehensive evaluation and the characteristics of the principal component analysis method,this paper discusses the risks faced by the application of the principal component comprehensive evaluation method.The results show that the loss of value information can not be controlled by using the principal component analysis to simplify the evaluation index;the principal component of the evaluation index may not reflect the value information;the variance contribution rate of the principal component is difficult to reflect the weight coefficient;the weighted algebraic sum of the principal component is difficult to reflect the comprehensive value.In general,these risks are difficult to avoid.It is concluded that the principal component comprehensive evaluation method is not suitable as a solid comprehensive evaluation method,and it is suggested that it should not be used in sports comprehensive evaluation.