中国西部和北部边境4省区牛支原体血清流行病学调查及分析

Seroprevalence and analysis of Mycoplasma bovis infection in four provinces of western and northern China

为了解我国边境地区牛支原体的流行情况,本研究利用间接ELISA对2017年~2018年间收集自我国西部和北部4个省区的8 832份临床健康牛血清样品进行了牛支原体血清抗体的检测,并从地区、年份、季节、牛的品种及不同生长阶段牛对结果做了统计分析。结果显示,两年各地牛支原体血清抗体阳性率平均为8.37%(396/4 416,2017)、15.67%(760/4 416,2018),其中两年阳性率最高的省份均为云南(15.76%2017,36.32%2018),其次依次是内蒙古(9.15%2017,18.3%2018)、新疆(8.96%2017,12.22%2018)、西藏(1.99%2017,1.99%2018)。对检测数据按季节分析结果显示,春季牛支原体抗体阳性率最高,达18.31%(809/4 416),高于夏季的7.86%(347/4 416)。对检测数据从牛的品种因素分析显示,黄牛和奶牛血清抗体阳性率较高,分别为13.3%(183/1 375)和15.6%(159/1 021),显著高于水牛的3.85%(20/520)和牦牛的1.99%(22/1 104)(p<0.01)。从不同生长阶段牛的分析显示,与青年牛和成年牛相比较,犊牛牛支原体抗体的阳性率更高为19.90%(195/980)(p<0.01),犊牛对牛支原体更易感。本研究结果表明这几个地区均存在牛支原体抗体阳性牛,且2018年比2017年牛血清抗体阳性率大幅度增加(p<0.01)。本研究首次检测并分析了我国北部和西部边境地区牛支原体的血清流行病学状况,为明确牛支原体在我国的流行状况及制定有效防治措施提供了参考依据。

To investigate the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma bovis(M. bovis) in border region of China, 8 832 clinical healthy bovine serum samples collected from four provinces in western and northern China from 2017 to 2018 were subjected to serological detection of M. bovis by an indirect ELISA in this study, and the data was statistically analyzed from the region, year,season, breeds and different growth stages of cattle. The results showed that the positive rate of serum antibody against M. bovis was 8.37%(462/5520, 2017)-15.67%(865/5520, 2018) among these provinces, and the highest positive rate was Yunnan province(15.76% 2017, 36.32% 2018), followed by Inner Mongolia(9.15% 2017, 18.3% 2018), Xinjiang(8.96% 2017, 12.22% 2018) and Tibet(1.99% 2017, 1.99% 2018). Results of season analysis showed that the anti-M. bovis antibody positive rate in bovine serum collected in spring reached 18.31%(809/4416), significantly higher than 7.86%(347/4416) in summer(p<0.01). Results of breeds analysis showed that the positive rates of serum antibody against M. bovis in Buffalo and Yak were 3.85 %(20/520) and 1.99 %(22/1104), which were lower than that in cattle(13.3%, 183/1375) and cows(15.6%, 159/1021)(p<0.01). Results of breeds analysis showed that, compared with the young and adult cattle, calves were more susceptible to M. bovis with a higher anti-M.bovis antibody-positive rate(19.95%, 195/980)(p<0.01). In conclusion, the above results showed that anti-M. bovis antibodypositive cattle were found in all these four provinces, and the positive rate in 2018 increased significantly, compared with that in2017(p<0.01). This study investigated the seroprevalence of M. bovis in the border area of northern and western China, providing an experimental basis for the evaluation of the prevalence and the establishment of effective control measures.