矿工疲劳的ERP特征

The ERP characteristics of miners fatigue

煤矿井下设备操作不仅要求矿工保持警戒状态,而且需要持续地将注意力集中在单调枯燥的操作任务和体力作业任务上。由于长时间的轮班和重复性任务,矿工极易出现精神和生理疲劳。为了研究矿工疲劳对其安全能力的影响,应用事件相关电位(ERP)技术,研究Oddball任务下一线矿工下井前后脑电特征变化,从而获取疲劳评价的客观指标。通过测试和采集自愿参加实验的14名夜班矿工下井前后的主观疲劳水平、行为表现指标和脑电信号数据,对诱发ERP特征的波幅和潜伏期进行分析,从而确定矿工疲劳的主要影响因素。从主观疲劳评价和行为表现指标的角度分析可得,夜班矿工下井前后精神状态差异较大;进一步分析矿工ERP特征的变化,发现上井后P300的潜伏期显著增加,波幅明显下降,说明井下一线高负荷连续作业任务导致矿工的精神疲劳增加。ERP方法可用来研究矿工的疲劳程度;P300可以作为评价一线矿工疲劳的有效指标,从而为研究矿工疲劳的对抗措施提供依据。

The operation of underground equipment in coal mine requires not only the vigilance of the miners,but also the continuous attention on the monotonous operation task and the physical work task.Miners are prone to mental and physical fatigue due to long shifts and repetitive tasks.In order to study the impact of miners’fatigue on their safety ability,event-related potential(ERP)technology was applied to examine the changes of EEG characteristics of front-line miners before and after going down the well under Oddball task,so as to obtain the objective index of fatigue evaluation.By testing and collecting the subjective fatigue levels,behavioral performance index and EEG signal data of 14 night shift miners before and after going into the well,the amplitude and latency of the induced ERP characteristics were analyzed,an attempt to investigate and determine the main influencing factors of miners’fatigue.Research shows that:from the perspective of subjective fatigue evaluation index and behavior analysis,at the night shift miners’mental state before and after going down into the well.A further analysis of the changes of miners’ERP characteristics shows that the P300 latency increased significantly after coming up from the well,and amplitude decreases obviously,which indicates continuous high load operation underground can effectively induce miners mental fatigue.Event-related potential(ERP)method can be used to study the fatigue degree of miners,and P300 can be used as an effective index to evaluate the fatigue of front-line miners,providing a basis for studying the countermeasures of miners’fatigue.