模拟氮沉降对湿地生态系统凋落物分解影响的研究进展

Advances in the Effect of Nitrogen Deposition on Litter Decomposition in Wetland Ecosystem

为使人们了解湿地植被凋落物分解过程及其对氮沉降的响应,分析了氮沉降下湿地生态系统凋落物分解的主要影响因子及内在机理,即氮沉降对凋落物数量和质量的影响,氮沉降对土壤微生物的影响,综述了国内外研究现状,指出氮沉降下湿地生态系统凋落物分解的主要研究内容及存在的问题,即研究时间周期短,主要集中在短期氮沉降下凋落物分解过程的研究,导致对凋落物分解速率影响不尽相同;大多数研究集中在单一的全球变化因子上,而忽略了各种因素之间的相互关系和耦合作用。展望了未来的研究重点,即在全球变化大环境下,分析凋落物分解过程变化及其对湿地生态系统碳氮循环过程的影响,探讨其内在机制,为深入研究全球气候变化下湿地碳循环的影响因素及其对全球碳源汇过程的作用提供理论参考。

Atmospheric nitrogen deposition has increased in the last several decades due to anthropogenic activities and global changes.The carbon and nitrogen cycle of wetland ecosystem has been changed significantly.Litter decomposition runs through the whole process of carbon cycle in wetland ecosystem and plays an important role in carbon transfer and transformation in wetland ecosystem.It is strongly influenced by abiotic factors(environmental factors,litter quality)and biological factors(soil microorganisms,soil animals)and their interactions.Nitrogen deposition not only changes the species composition,yield and quality of litter,but also affects the community structure of decomposers such as soil biological factors,thus affecting litter decomposition in wetland ecosystem.In this paper,the main factors affecting litter decomposition in wetland ecosystem under nitrogen deposition and their underlying mechanisms were reviewed.On the basis of an in-depth analysis and study of the current situation at home and abroad,the main research contents and existing problems of litter decomposition in wetland ecosystem under nitrogen deposition were discussed and integrated,revealed that the future research should focus on the mechanism of litter decomposition in wetland ecosystems under the background of nitrogen deposition.In order to provide a theoretical reference for further study on the process of carbon cycle and its response to nitrogen deposition in wetland ecosystem.