回归公益:21世纪以来我国学前教育的变迁逻辑与进路

Back to Public Welfare:the Evolution of PreschoolEducation in China from the Year 2000 Onward

21世纪以来,我国学前教育经历了市场扩张、调整规范和回归公益三个阶段,虽然实现了师资质量的提高、财政资金的增加、基础设施的改善以及教育质量的提升,且回归公益的办学方向已成共识,但是仍然存在《学前教育法》缺位、公共财政投入占比低、普惠性幼儿园数量不足、学前教师队伍整体素质低等问题。因此,“十四五”时期优质化的学前教育发展重点是加强高阶层立法、建立多元投入机制、坚定普惠性道路、提高教师待遇和专业化水平等方面。

Since the 21st century,China’s preschool education has experienced three stages:market expansion,adjustment and standardization,and back to public welfare.Although the faculty quality has been enhanced,financial funds increased,park resources expanded and education quality improved,and a consensus on back to public welfare has been reached,there still exist some problems,such as the absence of preschool education law,the low proportion of public financial investment,and the insufficient number of inclusive kindergartens and the overall low quality of preschool teachers.Therefore,the key to the development of high-quality preschool education during the“14^(th)-five-year-plan”period is to strengthen high-level legislation,establish a diversified investment mechanism,remain committed to the inclusive road,and improve the treatment and professional level of teachers.