2016-2019年北京市不同人群碘营养水平监测结果分析

Monitoring Results of Iodine Nutrition Level in Different Populations in Beijing From 2016 to 2019

目的了解北京市不同人群的碘营养水平,为碘缺乏病防治措施“因地制宜、分类指导、科学补碘”的实施提供依据。方法2016-2019年连续4年在北京市所辖16个区,每区随机抽取成年男性、育龄妇女、孕妇和8~10岁儿童各200人,采集一次随意尿,采用砷铈催化分光光度法检测尿碘含量,计算各类人群尿碘中位数并进行统计学分析,组间比较采用χ2检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果北京市2016-2019年共监测4类人群52515人。成年男性、育龄妇女、孕妇和8~10岁儿童的尿碘中位数分别为155.0μg/L、147.0μg/L、144.2μg/L和175.0μg/L,其中,孕妇人群的尿碘中位数低于适宜水平的下限(150μg/L),其他3类人群尿碘中位数处于适宜范围(100~200μg/L)。4类人群尿碘水平由高到低分别为:8~10岁儿童、成年男性、育龄妇女和孕妇。结论北京市不同人群碘营养整体处于适宜水平,但孕妇群体存在碘营养不足的风险,应加强对重点人群的健康教育,保证孕妇充足的碘营养。同时应加强监测,科学补碘,纠正碘过量。

Objective To understand the iodine nutrition level of different populations in Beijing,and to provide basis for prevention and control measures of iodine deficiency disorders adjusted to local conditions,guided by classification and scientifically supplemented.Methods Subjects were randomly selected from 16 districts in Beijing from 2016 to 2019.There were 200 subjects selected from each following population:adult men,women of childbearing age,pregnant women and children of 8-10 years old.Random urine samples were collected once and detected by arsenic and cerium catalytic spectrophotometry for urinary iodine level.The median of urinary iodine level in different populations was calculated and statistically analyzed.Results A total of 52515 subjects of four populations were monitored in Beijing from 2016 to 2019.The median of urinary iodine level was 155.0μg/L for adult men,147.0μg/L for women of childbearing age,144.2μg/L for pregnant women and 175.0μg/L for children of 8-10 years old,respectively.In addition,the median urinary iodine level of pregnant women was less than the lower limit of the appropriate level(150μg/L),while the medians of urinary iodine level of the other three populations were within the appropriate range(100-200μg/L).The urinary iodine levels of the four populations were from high to low:children of 8-10 years old,adult men,women of childbearing age and pregnant women.Conclusion The iodine nutrition of the four populations in Beijing was at an appropriate level,but pregnant women were at risk of iodine deficiency.There fore,health education for key populations should be strengthened to ensure adequate iodine nutrition in pregnant women.At the same time,monitoring should be strengthened,iodine should be replenished scientifically and excessive iodine should be corrected.