2020年崇州市孕妇营养知信行现况及其影响因素分析

Analysis of Nutrition Knowledge,Attitude,Practice Status and Its Influencing Factors for Pregnant Women in Chongzhou City in 2020

目的分析崇州市孕妇营养知信行现况及其影响因素,为当地妇幼保健医院提供营养干预基础数据。方法采取立意抽样法选取2020-03/07崇州市妇幼保健院产前检查的815名孕妇为调查对象,在调查员一对一指导下扫码完成电子问卷填写。所得数据不同组间比较采用F检验,采用Logistic多因素分析孕妇营养知识、态度、行为水平的影响因素,检验水准α=0.05。结果2020年崇州市产前检查孕妇营养知信行平均得分(27.67±6.167)分,总体及格率及良好率分别为46.36%和4.50%。单因素分析显示,随着孕周、文化程度增加,营养知信行水平越高;事业单位/医务人员/教师高于其他职业水平,农民/工人低于其他职业水平;低收入人群低于其他收入水平人群,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic多因素分析显示,孕妇职业、孕周、孕妇及其配偶文化程度、家庭关怀度是营养知信行水平的影响因素。其中,孕妇及其配偶具有高文化程度的营养知信行及格率分别是低文化程度的1.739倍(95%CI:1.380~2.192)和1.291倍(95%CI:1.038~1.606),高家庭关怀度营养知信行及格率是低关怀度的1.248倍(95%CI:1.139~1.367)。结论崇州市孕妇群体营养知信行水平呈中偏下水平,需要重点关注文化程度偏低的孕妇群体,应及早针对育龄妇女、孕早期女性以及家属进行多渠道的营养宣教。

Objective To understand the current status of nutrition knowledge,attitudes and practice(KAP)and to analyze the influence factors of pregnant women in Chongzhou city of Chengdu,so that to provide nutritional intervention guidance data for Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospitals in local.Methods The intentional sampling method was used for 815 pregnant women who were prenatally inspected in the Chongzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital from March 2020 to July 2020,they were selected as the respondents,respondents completed the electronic questionnaire by scanning code under the guidance of investigators.F test was use to compare the data collected from different groups,Logistic method was use to analyze the influencing factors of KAP of pregnant women,test levelα=0.05.Results The average score of pregnant women′s nutrition KAP was 27.67±6.167,and the overall pass rate and excellent rate were 46.36%and 4.50%,respectively.Single factor analysis showed that with the increase of gestational age and education level,the level of nutrition KAP was higher;institutions/medical staff/teachers were higher than other occupations,farmers/workers were lower than other occupations;low-income people are lower than others,and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).The binomial logistic multi-factor analysis showed that the occupation of pregnant women,the gestational age,the educational level of pregnant women and their spouses,level of family care were the influencing factors of the level of nutrition knowledge and behavior.Among them,pregnant women and their spouses had a high education level of nutrition knowledge and behavior level of 1.739 times(95%CI 1.380~2.192,)and 1.291 times of low education level(95%CI 1.038~1.606);The level of nutritional knowledge,belief and behavior of high family care was 1.248 times that of low care,and the 95%confidence interval was 1.248(95%CI 1.139~1.367).Conclusion The level of nutrition KAP of pregnant women was lower than the middle level.it is necessary to focus on the pregnant women with low education level.In order to enhance the nutritional awareness of pregnant women,we should conduct multi-channel nutrition education for women of childbearing age,women in early pregnancy and their families as early as possible.