反义转喻和主观化:冗余否定构式的认知机制

Opposite Metonymy and Subjectification:The Cognitive Mechanism of Expletive Negation Construction

冗余否定是一种常见的语言现象。以往的研究主要采用个案分析的方式,对其形成机制鲜有系统考察和统一解释。基于认知语言学理论从概念层面探讨冗余否定构式的形成机制发现:1)反义转喻是含有否定标记但具有肯定语义真值的冗余否定构式产生的认知基础。2)冗余否定构式体现了言者对认知对象识解方式的改变,是言者主观化的语言表达。冗余否定构式的形成归因于3个识解机制:视角的变化、焦点的转换和参与者的凸显程度。3)冗余否定构式中的否定词是言者主观性的标记语,并不是真正的“否定冗余”。

Expletive negation is a common linguistic phenomenon.Previous studies focused on examining each case ofexpletive negation and the systematic studies and unified accounts are underresearched.This study examines themechanism of expletive negation constructions from the cognitive linguistic perspective.The analysis has yielded thefollowing findings.First,opposite metonymy is the cognitive foundation of expletive negation which has the negativemarker but conveys affirmative meaning.Second,expletive negation presents the speaker’s shift in the way of construalof the construed and is the result of the speaker’s subjectification.Specifically,the formation of this construction isascribed to changes in perspective,shifts in focusing,and prominence of the participants.Third,the negator inexpletive construction is not really redundant,but a marker of the speaker’s subjectivity.