六个葡萄品种根系抗寒性鉴定及综合评价

Identification and Comprehensive Evaluation on Root Cold Resistance of Six Grape Varieties

以"左山一""5C""5BB""SO4""红地球"和"巨峰"6个葡萄品种一年生根系为试材,测定经人工低温胁迫处理后的相对电导率、总含水量、自由水含量、根系硬度及做功量,应用电导法配合Logistic方程计算供试品种的低温半致死温度,利用聚类分析法、隶属函数法及相关分析综合评价各品种的抗寒性。探究适宜评价葡萄品种抗寒性的方法,以期为葡萄抗寒性评价方法体系的建立及抗寒育种工作提供参考依据。结果表明:各品种根系相对电导率均随着温度的降低而升高;"左山一"根系总含水量、自由水含量及自束比(自由水含量/束缚水含量)均显著低于其它品种,横切硬度、横切总功和纵切总功均显著高于其它品种;"红地球"总含水量、自由水含量及自束比均显著高于其它品种,横切硬度、横切总功、纵切硬度和纵切总功均最小,且此4项指标与其它品种间均达差异显著水平。根据聚类分析结果,6个葡萄品种抗寒性强弱归为3类,"左山一"抗寒性最强;"5BB""SO4"和"5C"抗寒性居中;"红地球"和"巨峰"抗寒性较弱。由隶属函数值得出各葡萄品种抗寒性强弱顺序为"左山一">"SO4">"5BB">"5C">"巨峰">"红地球"。相关性分析可得,根系半致死温度与总含水量、自由水含量及自束比间均呈极显著正相关,与横切总功间呈极显著负相关,与纵切硬度和纵切总功间均呈显著负相关。研究表明,根系总含水量、自由水含量、自束比、横切硬度、横切总功、纵切硬度和纵切总功可以作为评价葡萄抗寒性的有效指标,运用聚类分析法结合隶属函数法综合评价葡萄抗寒性更加科学、准确。

Roots of annual cutting seedlings of 6 grape varieties, included ‘Zuoshan1’‘5 C’‘5 BB’‘SO4’‘Red Globe’ and ‘Kyoho’ were selected as experimental materials.The relative conductivity(REC),total water content, free water content, the hardness and total work of roots were measured.And then semi-lethal temperature(LT50) was obtained from the Logistic equation.The data were processed using membership function value method, system cluster and correlation analysis to comprehensively evaluate cold resistance of every variety to explore more suitable evaluation methods of cold resistance of grape.In order to provide reference for the establishment of evaluation method system on cold resistance and cold-resistant breeding work in grape.The results showed that the REC of 6 grape varieties gradually increased with decreasing temperature.Total water content, free water content and the ratio of free water content to bound water content(F/B) in ‘Zuoshan1’ were significantly lower than those in other grape varieties.The cross cutting hardness, cross cutting total work and longitudinal cutting total work were all significantly higher in ‘Zuoshan1’ than those in other grape varieties, respectively.‘Red Globe’ had the maximum content in total water content, free water content and F/B,in which there were significant differences between ‘Red Globe’ and other grape varieties(P<0.05),respectively.The cross cutting hardness, cross cutting total work, longitudinal cutting hardness and longitudinal cutting total work were all the least in ‘Red Globe’,and showed significant differences between ‘Red Globe’ and other varieties, respectively.According to cluster analysis result, 6 grape varieties could be divided into 3 groups, ‘Zuoshan1’ was of high cold resistance, ‘5 C’‘5 BB’ and ‘SO4’ were of moderate cold resistance, ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Red Globe’ were of low cold resistance.The order of the cold resistance according to the average membership function value was ‘Zuoshan1’>‘SO4’>‘5 BB’>‘5 C’>‘Kyoho’>‘Red Globe’.Correlation analysis showed that LT50 had aextremely significantly positive correlation with total water content, free water content and F/B and a aextremely significantly negative correlation with cross cutting total work.LT50 was negatively related to longitudinal cutting hardness and longitudinal cutting total work.It was concluded that total water content, free water content, F/B,cross cutting hardness, cross cutting total work, longitudinal cutting hardness and longitudinal cutting total work could be evaluation indexes of grape cold resistance.It was more scientific and accurate to combine system cluster and membership function value method on effectively evaluating cold resistance of grape.