番茄脐腐病发生机理概述

Review on the Mechanism of Blossom-end Rot in Tomato

脐腐病(blossom-end rot, BER)是一种发生在果实上的生理性病害,常见于茄果类蔬菜作物上,番茄尤其严重,世界范围内的番茄均有发生。国际上对BER已有较多研究,虽然在环境、生理、遗传等层面有大量数据支持,但其发病机制至今仍处在假说阶段,未能明晰。基于Ca^(2+)的生理作用及其分布特点,大部分研究学者支持BER是Ca^(2+)吸收及细胞间的分配不均引起的生理性病害;也有学者认为非生物胁迫导致活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)积累才是引发BER的根本原因。该研究先阐述Ca^(2+)的生理作用,随后分别综述以上2种理论机制,并在此基础上总结BER的防治方法,讨论未来BER的研究方向。

Blossom end rot(BER) is a kind of physiological disease that occurs on fruits.It is common in solanaceous vegetables, especially in tomatoes, which occurs all over the world.There have been many international studies on BER.Although there are a large number of data supporting BER at the environmental, physiological and genetic levels, the pathogenesis of BER is still in the hypothesis stage so far, which cannot be clarified.Based on the physiological effects and distribution characteristics of Ca^(2+),most researchers believe that BER is a physiological disease caused by Ca^(2+) absorption and uneven distribution between cells.Some scholars also believe that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) caused by abiotic stress is the root cause of BER.In this study, the physiological function of Ca was described, and then the domestic and foreign reports on the influence of the above 2 theories on the occurrence of BER were reviewed respectively.On this basis, the prevention and control methods of BER were summarized and the future research direction of BER was discussed.