棉花气吸式排种机构的优化

Optimization of cotton air suction seed metering device

针对传统棉花排种机构作业速度低,精度不够高等问题,对棉花气吸式排种机构进行优化。基于FLUENT软件对排种盘上简单圆柱型孔、圆锥型孔、圆柱与圆锥相结合型孔和弧线状型孔进行流体仿真,分析4种型孔对风压的影响,以多充率和漏充率为试验指标,采用单因素试验与二因素全水平试验进行验证。结果表明:简单圆柱型孔风压损失最大,充种效果最差;圆柱与圆锥相结合型孔风压大小为中等,入口风压相对稳定;圆锥型孔风压损失最小,但入口风压梯度较大,充种效果较优;弧线状型孔入口风压较大且相对均匀,充种效果最优。二因素全水平试验表明,当播种速度为10.01km/h,风压室压力为-5.23kPa时,弧线状型孔对应的多充率为9.95%,漏充率3.62%,各项指标均满足设计要求。

Due to the problems of low operating speed and insufficient precision of traditional cotton seeding mechanism,the cotton air suction seed metering mechanism is optimized.Based on the FLUENT software,the fluid simulation method of simple cylindrical holes,conical holes,cylindrical and cone combined holes,and arc-shaped holes on the seeding disk is used to analyze the influence of the four types of holes on the wind pressure.The test indicators for seeding quality are the overlapping index and missing index,which are verified by single factor test and two factor full level test.The results show that different holes have different influence on wind pressure:Simple cylindrical holes have the largest wind pressure loss and the worst filling effect;cylindrical and cone-combined holes have medium wind pressure and relatively stable inlet pressure;The conical holes have the smallest wind pressure loss,but have a larger inlet pressure gradient.The filling effect is better;The wind pressure at the entrance of the arc-shaped hole is relatively large and relatively uniform,and the filling effect is the best.The results of two-factor full-level test shows that when the seeding speed is 10.01 km/h and the air pressure chamber pressure is-5.23 kPa,the arc-shaped hole corresponds to the overlapping index of 9.95% and the missing index of 3.62%,and all indicators meet the design requirements.