内蒙古地区水足迹量化及水资源评价分析

Quantification of water footprint and analysis of water resources evaluation in Inner Mongolia

为探讨内蒙古地区水资源现存问题和发展规律,合理利用区域水资源,基于水足迹理论对内蒙古1998—2018年用水结构进行分析,并评价区域水资源利用状况。结果表明:全区水足迹整体呈上升趋势,2018年总水足迹达778.58亿m3。从构成上看,农业蓝绿水足迹始终占总水足迹主导地位,所占比例为72.43%~82.97%。对比各地级市用水特征,由于阿拉善地区生态蓝水足迹较高,因而人均蓝水足迹最高;兴安盟降水量大、作物产量较低,因此人均绿水足迹最高;研究区总体水资源压力始终处于较高状态,乌海地区水资源压力位居第一,但研究区总体上尚未出现水质性缺水问题。综上,内蒙古地区亟需通过调整用水结构等以改善当地水资源利用现状,促进区域可持续发展。

In order to explore the existing problems and development rules of water resources in Inner Mongolia,and to achieve rational use of regional water resources,based on the water footprint theory,this study analyzed the water consumption structure of Inner Mongolia from 1998 to 2018 and evaluated the regional water resources situation.The results showed that:The water footprint of the whole region was on the rise,and the total water footprint reached77.86 billion m3 in 2018;The agricultural blue and green water footprint occupied the leading position in the total water footprint,among which the largest proportion of the agricultural blue water footprint was 72.43%-82.97%;Comparing the characteristics of water use,the higher ecological blue water footprint made Alxa the highest blue water footprint per capita area,and Xingan was the region with the highest green wate footprint per capita due to higher precipitation and lower crop yields;The pressure of water resources was always in a high state,and Wuhai ranked first in water pressure,but the water quality problem didn’t exist during the study in Inner Mongolia.In conclusion,it is urgent for Inner Mongolia to improve the current situation of local water resources utilization by adjusting the water structure,so as to promote sustainable development of the region.