永远的“坏孩子”——马克·吐温儿童文学作品中的儿童观研究

作为闻名世界的文学大师,马克·吐温在其儿童文学作品中塑造了一批以哈克贝利·费恩和汤姆·索亚为代表的“坏孩子”形象。本文采用文学伦理学批评视角,通过分析马克·吐温儿童文学作品中“坏孩子”的角色,探讨马克·吐温的儿童观及其“坏孩子”角色蕴含的独特教育意义。本文认为,马克·吐温作品中的“坏孩子”在面临伦理冲突时通过伦理选择实现道德成长,体现出作者超越时代的独特的儿童观,具有前瞻性、革命性和解放性,不仅推动了当时美国甚至世界的儿童观的演进,对于当代中国儿童文学的发展也颇具借鉴意义。

As a world-renowned writer,Mark Twain created a group of“bad children” in his works of children's fiction,represented by Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer.From the perspective of Literary Ethical Criticism,this paper aims at analyzing the ethical choices made by these“bad children”and further exploring Mark Twain's view of children and the unique educational significance these“bad children”bear.This paper holds that the ethical choices made by“bad children”in the face of ethical conflicts reflect the author's unique view of children,which is forward-looking,revolutionary and emancipatory.It not only promotes the evolution of the outlook on children worldwide,but also provides inspirations for the development of contemporary Chinese children’s literature.