核威慑下的主体性召唤——论《伦敦场地》中“作者身份”的两种维度

20世纪80年代,罗兰·巴特等人的“作者之死”观在西方学界引起热烈讨论,美国在西欧部署核武器的计划激发大规模抗议。马丁·艾米斯在小说《伦敦场地》中将这一时期的文学问题和人类命运问题交织在一起,以“作者身份”的文本维度和现实维度之间所产生的悖论性冲突影射核威慑下宿命论与主体性相互博弈的人类境况,折射出艾米斯本人在危机语境下的艰难求索,最终以“作者之死”抵消末日威胁,以文学想象召唤人类主体性来进行自救,这对当今人类社会发展仍具有重要的启示作用。

In the 1980s,Roland Barthes,view of“the Death of the Author”was widely discussed in Western academia and the U.S.plan to deploy nuclear weapons in Western Europe sparked mass protests.Martin Amis interweaves the literary problem of this period with the problem of human destiny in his novel London Fields,with the paradoxical conflict between the textual dimension and the actual dimension of“authorship”reflecting the human condition in which subjectivity combats with fatalism under nuclear deterrence,and represents his own difficult search in the context of crisis,with the death of the author offsetting the doomsday threat and the literary imagination calling for human subjectivity to save themselves in the end,which can still offer significant illumination to the development of human society today.