重庆市城市社区老年人抑郁与睡眠障碍相关性分析

Analysis on the Correlation Between Depression and Sleep Disorder in the Elderly in Urban Communities of Chongqing

目的了解重庆市城市社区老年人睡眠障碍与抑郁情况并分析其相关性,为改善老年人睡眠质量、抑郁情况及制定健康指导方案提供依据和参考。方法采取简单随机抽样法,2019年11—12月抽取重庆市6个城市社区老年人共300名。采用一般资料调查表、老年人抑郁量表(GDS)及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)进行调查。结果纳入290名调查对象,抑郁发生率为30.3%,睡眠障碍发生率为34.8%。回归分析显示,睡眠障碍是社区老年人抑郁症状发生的危险因素[OR=1.593,95%CI(1.154~3.872)],在睡眠障碍的7个维度中,除催眠药物外,主观睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠紊乱及日间功能均为抑郁症状的危险因素。结论重庆市城市社区老年人抑郁、睡眠障碍发生率较高,社区医护人员及家属应加强对老年人心理健康指导,采取有针对性的干预措施,提高老年人心理健康水平和生存质量。

Objective To investigate the sleep disorder and depression among the elderly in urban communities of Chongqing,and analyze their correlation,so as to provide basis and reference for improving sleep quality and depression and making health guidance programs for the elderly.Methods A total of 300 elderly people were selected from 6 urban communities in Chongqing from November to December 2019 by simple random sampling method.General information questionnaire,Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS)and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)were used for the survey.Results Among the 290 subjects included,the incidence of depression was 30.3%and sleep disorder 34.8%.Regression analysis showed that sleep disorder was a risk factor for depressive symptoms in the elderly in the communities OR=1.593,95%CI(1.154-3.872).In the 7 dimensions of sleep disorder,except hypnotic drugs,subjective sleep quality,time needed to fall asleep,sleep duration,sleep efficiency,sleep disturbance and daytime function were all risk factors for depressive symptoms.Conclusion The incidence of depression and sleep disorder among the elderly in urban communities of Chongqing is relatively high.Community medical staff and their families should strengthen the mental health guidance for the elderly,and take targeted intervention measures to improve their mental health and quality of life.