识人读文,走进莱蒙托夫——长篇小说《当代英雄》的艺术世界

Getting to know Mikhail Lermontov through the artistic world depicted in his novel A Hero of Our Time

由"人"而"文"的思考,往往能更好地理解作家创作的情感取向、理性思考以及叙述风格的来由。一个作家的创作美学首先体现在他的"生存美学"中,它贯穿其一生,最终形成他的生命品格和诗学风格。莱蒙托夫正是这样的作家。他的大多数作品都带有明显的自传性,他的诗歌、小说与他的个性生命同质、同步、同义,充满了复杂性和诸多的不确定性。《当代英雄》就是一部典型的以传奇性的生命故事为载体的文学叙事,在充满"魔性"的主人公毕巧林"智慧的痛苦"后面隐藏着莱蒙托夫对那个时代和人的一种深刻的洞察。小说是19世纪30年代俄罗斯知识分子的生命启示录。

Analyzing "people" before "text" can often help us better understand a writer’s emotion, rational thinking, and narrative style in his or her literary creation. A writer’s literary aesthetics is first embodied in his "survival aesthetics", which runs through his whole life and finally shapes his character and poetics style. Lermontov was one such writer. Most of his works were obviously autobiographical. His poems and novels were homogenous, synchronous and synonymous with his personal life, full of complexity and uncertainties. A Hero of Our Time is a typical literary narrative with the legendary life story as the carrier, and behind "the pain of wisdom" of the "magic" protagonist Pechorin lies a profound insight of Lermontov into reality and human being. The novel is the apocalyptic record of the life of Russian intellectuals in the 1830 s.