强化健康教育联合个体化营养干预对妊娠期糖代谢异常孕妇血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平的影响

Effect of intensive health education combined with individualized nutrition intervention on blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels of pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy

目的探讨强化健康教育联合个体化营养干预对妊娠期糖代谢异常孕妇血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平的影响。方法选取2019年11月至2020年11月阳江市妇幼保健院收治的24~28周确诊为妊娠期糖代谢异常的200例孕妇作为研究对象,采用随机信封法将其分为常规组(n=100)与干预组(n=100)。常规组开展门诊常规饮食管理,干预组采用强化健康教育联合个体化营养干预。于孕32、38周检测两组的血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平,孕38周采用问卷调查两组的妊娠期糖代谢异常知识评分。结果干预前,两组孕妇的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);孕32、38周,两组孕妇的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平均低于干预前,且干预组孕妇的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组的妊娠期糖代谢异常知识评分高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论强化健康教育联合个体化营养干预在妊娠期糖代谢异常孕妇中的应用效果显著,可改善孕妇的血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平,提升妊娠期糖代谢异常知识评分,值得应用与推广。

Objective To explore the effect of intensive health education combined with individualized nutrition intervention on the blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels of pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy.Methods A total of 200 cases of pregnant women diagnosed with abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy who were admitted to Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Yangjiang City from November 2019 to November 2020 were selected as the research objects.They were divided into routine groups(n=100)and the intervention group(n=100)according to the random envelope method.The routine group carried out routine diet management in outpatient clinics,and the intervention group adopted intensive health education combined with individualized nutrition intervention.Blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels were measured at 32 and 38 weeks of gestation in both groups,and knowledge score of abnormal glucose metabolism during gestation was investigated by questionnaire at 38 weeks of gestation in both groups.Results Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels between the two groups(P>0.05).The fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels at 32 and 38 weeks of pregnancy of the two groups were lower than those before intervention,and the fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in the intervention group were lower than those in the routine group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Knowledge score of abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy in the intervention group was higher than that in the routine group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Intensive health education combined with individualized nutrition intervention has a significant effect on pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy,which can improving the blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels of pregnant women,and improving the knowledge score of abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy.It is worthy of application and promotion.