论政府基于国家安全理由对网络的管制:逻辑、措施与限度

Government's Control of Networks Based on National Security Reasons:Logic,Measures and Limits

当代社会网络安全是国家安全的重要一环,政府对网络的管制不可或缺,法治化是其必然要求。在我国顶层设计中,网络安全已被纳入总体国家安全观,并通过立法赋予政府实施网络管制的权力。网络管制的特征可概括为防范对象的不确定性、保护对象的虚拟性、管制的非建构性。基于国家安全理由的网络管制包含的四重目标是确保数据安全、设备安全、内容安全及产业安全。政府根据网络管制的特征和目标,在数据、设备、内容和产业四个维度建立管制措施。网络安全与网络管制的价值不仅限于国家安全,还包括其他主体权益和信息化发展。维护网络中其他主体权益并促进信息化健康发展同样是政府的责任。政府基于国家安全理由的管制应得到限定——平衡网络主体间的价值冲突,促进网络治理法治化。

In contemporary society,network security is an important part of national security.Government control of the network is indispensable,and the rule of law is its inevitable requirement.In national decision-making,network security has been incorporated into the holistic approach to national security,and the government has been given the power to implement network control through legislation.The characteristics of network control can be summarized as the uncertainty of the object of prevention,the virtuality of the object of protection,and the unsystematic nature of control.Network control based on national security reasons includes four goals to ensure data security,equipment security,content security and industrial security.The government is able to establish control measures in the four aspects of data,equipment,content,and industry based on the characteristics and goals of network control.The value of network security and network control is not limited to national security,but also includes the rights and interests of other subjects and the development of information technology.Maintaining the rights and interests of other subjects in the network and promoting the healthy development of informatization are also the responsibility of the government.The government's control based on national security reasons should be limited,balance the value conflicts between network subjects,and promote the legalization of network governance.