我国知识密集型服务业创新格局的时空演化研究——基于探索性空间数据分析方法

Spatial divergence of knowledge-intensive business service innovation of China:base on exploratory spatial data analysis method

知识密集型服务业创新是国家创新系统中知识基础结构的重要组成部分,对我国当前经济结构升级转型与创新发展具有重要的引领作用.该研究构建知识密集型服务业创新的综合评价指标,测算了我国31个省、自治区、直辖市的知识密集型服务业创新水平.在考虑空间因素影响的条件下,运用探索性空间数据分析法、核密度估计法研究我国省域知识密集型服务创新水平的空间分布、聚集模式及时空演变规律.研究发现,我国知识密集型服务业创新水平整体较低,形成不同的趋同俱乐部,出现俱乐部之间趋异的现象.KIBS创新在空间上总体呈现出由东向西递减的“核心—边缘”结构,创新扩散遵循着地理距离衰减效应.在时间演进上呈“单峰-多峰”的动态演进趋势和阶段性特征,呈现出不同的空间集聚模式,高高集聚区主要分布在江浙沪和环渤海心脏地带(北京和天津),而大西南和大西北大部分地区则属于低低的空间集聚模式.

Knowledge-intensive business service(KIBS)innovation is the core and link of modern industrial system,which is an important part of knowledge infrastructure in the national innovation system.In this research,a comprehensive evaluation of KIBS innovation indicators is carried out to estimate KIBS innovation level of provincial scale in China by using factor analysis and analyze their regional differences.Exploratory spatial data analysis and kernel density estimation is used to study the spatial distribution,aggregation patterns and temporal evolution of KIBS innovation.The main conclusions of this study are as follows.1)China's overall level of KIBS innovation is relatively low,with large regional disparities and regional development imbalances.In general,it shows a spatial structure of“core-periphery”which decreases from east to west.As for the time evolution,it exhibits“single peak-multimodal”alternating dynamic evolution trend,which reflects that the KIBS innovation's dynamic changes with stage features.It is found that KIBS innovation follows geographical distance decay effect,and shows a different pattern of spatial concentration.High concentration areas are mainly located in Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Shanghai and the heartland of Bohai Sea Ring Area-Beijing and Tianjin,while the southwest and northwest regions belong to low-low spatial agglomeration.The study also revealed that KIBS innovation exists the phenomenon of divergence between different clubs.