广西某铅锌矿区水环境质量演变分析

Analysis on evolution of water environment quality in a lead-zinc mining area in Guangxi

为了解矿业活动对区域地表水、地下水环境质量的影响,通过收集历年的监测数据,统计分析了2013年到2019年某矿区及其下游地表水和地下水的水质,结果表明:①不同断面地表水中的镉、砷、铅和锌经生产建设扰动后分别增加了670.0%、332.9%、60.6%和50.0%;②受矿山生产活动污染的地下水监测井水质跟区域地表水变化趋势一致,但其中重金属含量普遍低于附近地表水水质,镉、砷、锌浓度仅为地表水的22.7%、5.9%和27.8%;③通过环境整治后,区域地表水环境质量改善作用明显:相应断面地表水中的镉、砷、铅和锌分别降低了67.5%、99.4%、26.3%和67.0%;但地下水中铅和砷并未同步跟地表水一起得到改善,有一定的滞后。研究结果可为矿业生产的水环境保护措施提供借鉴。

In order to understand the influence of mining activities on regional surface water and groundwater environment quality,the monitoring data of surface water and groundwater in a mining area and its downstream from 2013 to 2019 are analyzed.The results are shown as follows.(1)Cd,As,Pb and Zn in surface water of different sections increased by 670.0%,332.9%,60.6%and 50.0%respectively after the disturbance of production and construction.(2)The water quality of groundwater monitoring well which is contaminated by mining activities is consistent with the change trend of regional surface water.But the contents of heavy metals are generally lower than those of the nearby surface water.The concentrations of Cd,As and Zn are only 22.7%,5.9%and 27.8%in those of surface water.(3)After environmental renovation,the regional surface water environment quality can be improved obviously.Cd,As,Pb and Zn in surface water of corresponding sections reduced by 67.5%,99.4%,26.3%and 67.0%,respectively.But Pb and As in groundwater have not improved simultaneously with the surface water,and there is a certain lag.The research result can provide a reference for water environment protection measures in mining production.