回溯与展望:中国特色养老服务体系建设研究变迁(1994-2020)

Retrospect and Prospect:Research on the Changes of the Construction of Old-care Service System with Chinese Characteristics(1994-2020)

中国养老服务体系建设研究伴随老龄化程度加深而拓展。以养老服务体系建设为研究对象,693篇知网文献为研究样本,运用CiteSpace可视化知识图谱软件,对该研究领域出现的高频关键词、突现关键词与关键词时序等进行量化分析,以热点演进时序图展现该研究领域内研究趋势与前沿,以量化结果回溯研究体系的时代变迁。结果显示,1994—2020年间养老服务体系的主题文献数量不断增多、热点多为“模式”研究、研究聚焦本土化实践、研究领域逐步拓展。在历经“初探”研究、“板块式”研究、“整合板块、体系完善”研究和“体系优化、放开市场”研究四阶段后,中国养老服务体系建设研究应着力在理论构建和实践探索两方面进行突破。理论研究上,坚持以人民为中心的理念指导,将中国特色养老服务体系建设放在积极应对人口老龄化国家战略背景下构建本土理论框架,用中国理论解决中国问题;实践研究上,坚持问题导向,探索区域典型做法并固化成功经验,重调研、强整合,促进事业产业协同发展。

The research on the construction of China’s Old-care service system is expanded with the deepening of aging.Taking the construction of Old-care service system as the research object,693 knowledge network literature as research samples,the paper uses the CiteSpace visual knowledge map software to analyze the high frequency keywords,emerging keywords and keyword timing in this research field,and displays the research trend and frontier in the research field with the hot spot evolution sequence diagram,The quantitative results are used to trace the changes of the research system.The results show that the number of theme literature in the Old-care service system has been increasing from 1994 to 2020,and the focus of the research is mainly on“model”research,research focusing on Localization Practice and gradually expanding research fields.After four stages,i.e.the“preliminary study”,“plate type”study,the research on integration plate and system perfection and the study of“system optimization and market liberalization”,the research on the construction of China’s Old-care service system should focus on theoretical construction and practical exploration.In theoretical research,we should adhere to the people-centered concept,put the construction of the service system with Chinese characteristics on the background of actively responding to the national strategy of population aging,and build a local theoretical framework,and solve the Chinese problems with Chinese theory;In practice,we should adhere to the problem orientation,explore regional typical practices and solidify successful experiences,pay attention to research and strengthen integration,and promote the coordinated development of the industry.