论监察与司法衔接中的退回补充调查

On the Returning of the Cases for Further Investigations in the Procedure Bridging Process Between the Supervisory Organs and the Judicial Organs

检察机关在审查起诉阶段办理职务犯罪案件,需要补充核实的,原则上应当退回监察机关补充调查,必要时自行补充侦查,其法理基础为“监察独立说”。监察程序的运行要践行法律逻辑和政治逻辑。监察程序闭合、独立、自洽,其程序终端的处置方式也更具复合性和多元化。这些决定了监察程序与刑事诉讼程序是两套不同的程序,两者运作机理不同,故将职务犯罪案件退回补充调查,回流到原程序处理更为周延和妥当。在这一理论统领下,退回补充调查的基本原则、适用情形以及相关流程得以构建。检察机关自行补充侦查、书面要求监察机关补充提供证据、检察提前介入监察以及当事人权利保障等配套衔接机制也需作出相应的完善优化。

In principle,a procuratorate shall return the case of duty-related crime to the supervisory organ for further investigation if it deems further substantiation necessary in the period of examination and prosecution.However,when necessary,a procuratorate may conduct further investigation itself.The jurisprudential basis is the Theory of Supervision Independence.The operation of supervision procedure shall follow the logic of law and politics.The supervision procedure is closed,independent and self-consistent,and the disposal methods at the termination of the procedure are more complex and diversified.The features mentioned above determine that the supervision and criminal procedures are two operating procedures operated under different mechanisms.Therefore,it is more comprehensive and appropriate to return the cases of duty-related crime to their original procedure for further investigation.Under the domination of the theory,the basic principles,the circumstances for the application and the relevant procedures of case returning for further investigation can be constructed and improved.In the meantime,the supporting mechanisms implemented by the procuratorates,such as the supplementary investigation,sending written requests for additional evidence from the supervisory organs,the early intervention in the supervision procedures,and the protection of the rights of the parties,should be linked up and improved as well.