藏猪肠道因子与饲粮粗纤维表观消化率的相关性研究

Study on the Correlation between Intestinal Factors and Apparent Digestibility of Dietary Crude Fiber in Tibetan Pigs

本研究旨在探索藏猪肠道因子与饲粮纤维消化的关系,为研究藏猪耐粗饲特性提供数据支撑。选用150 d的放牧藏猪、舍饲藏猪与杜长大猪各10头,采用15 d消化试验测定饲粮粗纤维表观消化率。屠宰测定小肠(十二指肠、空肠、回肠)与大肠(盲肠与结肠)形态。采集盲肠与结肠食糜,测定食糜中纤维素酶与半纤维素酶活、挥发性脂肪酸、pH值。采用Pearson相关性分析测定肠道因子与饲粮粗纤维表观消化率的相关性。结果表明,3个类型猪肠道形态基本一致,盲肠与结肠食糜pH值间无显著差异(P>0.05)。放牧藏猪盲肠与结肠食糜中纤维素酶和半纤维素酶活力显著高于舍饲藏猪与杜长大猪(P<0.05),放牧藏猪与杜长大猪食糜中乙酸含量显著高于舍饲藏猪(P<0.05)。放牧藏猪对饲粮中粗纤维的表观消化率为44.49%,显著高于舍饲藏猪的39.94%与DLY猪的38.44%(P<0.05),结肠中的纤维素酶和盲肠中的半纤维素酶活力与饲粮粗纤维表观消化率成显著正相关(P<0.05)。结果说明,放牧藏猪具有较强消化饲粮中粗纤维的能力,盲肠与结肠中的纤维素酶和半纤维素酶为藏猪的纤维消化能力提供了动力。

This study was conducted to explore the relationship between intestinal factors and dietary fiber digestion of Tibetan pigs,so as to provide data support for the study of the tolerance characteristics of Tibetan pigs to crude feeding.In this study,10 grazing Tibetan pigs,10 captive Tibetan pigs and 10 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire pigs were selected to determine the apparent digestibility of dietary crude fiber by a 15-day digestion experiment.After sampling,the morphology of duodenum,jejunum,ileum,cecum and colon were determined.The chyme of cecum and colon was collected to determine the activities of cellulase and hemicellulase,the content of volatile fatty acids and pH values.The correlation between intestinal factors and apparent digestibility of dietary crude fiber was determined by Pearson correlation analysis.The results showed that the intestinal morphology of the three types of pigs was basically the same,and there was no significant difference in pH value between cecal and colonic chyme(P>0.05).The activities of cellulase and hemicellulase in cecal and colonic chyme of grazing Tibetan pigs were significantly higher than those of captive Tibetan pigs and DLY pigs(P<0.05).The acetate content in chyme of grazing Tibetan pigs and DLY pigs was significantly higher than that of captive Tibetan pigs(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of dietary crude fiber of grazing Tibetan pigs was 44.49%,which was significantly higher than that of the captive Tibetan pigs(39.94%)and DLY pigs(38.44%)(P<0.05).The activities of colonic cellulase and cecal hemicellulase were significantly positively correlated with apparent digestibility of dietary crude fiber(P<0.05).The results indicated that the grazing Tibetan pigs had a strong ability to digest dietary crude fiber,and cellulase and hemicellulase in cecum and colon provided the power for fiber digestion of Tibetan pigs.