“一带一路”倡议下中国与拉美国家劳工合作规则的构建

Designing the Labor Cooperation Rules between China and Latin America under the Background of the Belt and Road Initiative

劳工问题是我国在拉美地区推进“一带一路”倡议中亟需回应的社会问题。我国与部分拉美国家签订的自由贸易协定已包含了劳工条款,以促进双方在劳工领域的合作为导向,但内容具有原则性和倡导性,缺乏切实合作机制。作为拉美地区最大的贸易伙伴,美国在与拉美国家的自由贸易协定中,不断加强劳工条款的地位和执法机制,这不仅会对我国在该区域的投资或贸易规则产生影响,也会加大中资企业的用工合规管理难度和劳动力成本。为保障“一带一路”倡议在拉美的顺利推进,我国应当加快推进与拉美国家签订自由贸易协定,积极将劳工条款纳入主协定中,细化以合作为导向的劳工条款内容,推进劳工合作机构的建设,健全双方在劳工领域的信息交换和合作机制,确保劳工合作内容的落实。

China urgently needs to cope with the labor issue in promoting the Belt and Road Initiative in Latin America.The free trade agreements signed between China and some Latin American countries already contain labor clauses,which are oriented to promote bilateral cooperation in the labor field.However,the contents are principled and advocating and lack a practical cooperation mechanism.As the largest trading partner in Latin America,the United States has continuously strengthened labor standard clauses and enforcement mechanisms in free trade agreements with Latin American countries.This tendency will impact China's investment or trade rules in the region,and increase the difficulty in labor compliance management and labor cost of Chinese-funded enterprises in relevant countries.For ensuring the smooth progress of the Belt and Road Initiative in Latin America,China should accelerate the signing of free trade agreements with Latin American countries,actively incorporate labor clauses into the main text,refine the content of cooperation-oriented labor clauses.The labor cooperation institutions should be established to improve the information exchange and cooperation mechanism between the two parties in the labor field and ensure the implementation of labor cooperation content.