“十四五”期间我国外贸高质量发展新特点、新机遇与新思考

New Characteristics,New Opportunities and New Thoughts on the High Quality Development of China's Foreign Trade During the 14th Five Year Plan Period

当前,我国外贸表现为贸易规模与增速调整变化、贸易区域分布更加均衡、商品贸易方式不断优化、主要出口商品为机电产品和高新技术产品、资源型产品及集成电路等进口依存度高、民营企业已是我国外贸的主要经营主体等多个新特点,我国外贸展现了强大的韧性和综合竞争力。“十四五”期间,我国外贸因营商环境持续改善、多双边贸易协定持续达成及自由贸易区网络建设,对外投资增长等迎来更多发展机遇,但也将面临全球疫情防控、中美关系及全球贸易治理改革等不确定性带来的多方面挑战。为了全面推动外贸高质量发展文章,提出了如下建议:着力提升竞争力;持续优化进出口贸易营商环境;深化我国与传统贸易伙伴经贸合作关系;进一步促进外贸区域均衡发展;深化多边和双边贸易关系,积极参与全球贸易治理体系改革,拓展外贸发展空间。

At present,China’s foreign trade has shown the new tendency and feature.Such as accelerated adjustment and change of trade volume and growth rate,more balanced regional distribution of trade,continuous optimization of commodity trade mode,mechanical electrical products and high-tech products have become the main export commodities,resource based products and integrated circuits are highly dependent on imports,private enterprises have become the main body of China’s foreign trade etc.China’s foreign trade has shown strong resilience and comprehensive competitiveness.During the 14th Five Year Plan period,China’s foreign trade will usher in more development opportunities due to the continuous improvement of business environment,the continuous conclusion of multi and bilateral trade agreements,the construction of free trade zone network,and the growth of foreign investment.However,it will also face challenges brought by uncertainties such as global epidemic prevention and control,Sino-US relations and global trade governance reform.In order to promote the high-quality development of foreign trade in an all-round way,this paper puts forward some suggestions,such as improving the competitiveness,continuously optimizing the business environment of import and export trade,deepening the economic and trade cooperation between China and its traditional trading partners,further promoting the balanced development of foreign trade regions,deepening the multilateral and bilateral trade relations,actively participating in the reform of global trade governance system,and expanding the development space of foreign trade.