摘要
中国科技成果转化率低已成为科技界公认的难点问题,如何通过政策调整与制度创新来促进科技成果转化变得极为重要。本文通过分析1978—2019年中国科技成果转化政策演变特征、内在逻辑与动力机制,发现政策侧重点随着政策演进不断发生转移,呈现出继承发展、层层递进的特点,主要反映出市场化、一体化、多元化和人才驱动创新的政策导向。科技成果转化制度变迁具有显著的路径依赖特征,计划经济体制烙印下形成的产学研脱节在市场不完全和利益循环累积的作用下逐渐陷入锁定状态。“自上而下”外生制度驱动力量对政治锁定与认知锁定的解除,以及“自下而上”的市场内生机制,包括环境变化的压力和创新主体的逐利,是不断推动新制度构建、寻求路径突破的动力因素。
The low transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements in China has become a well-acknowledged difficulty in tech,so it is critical to adjust and innovate policy to change the status quo.This paper aims at exploring the main characteristics and internal logic of policy changes from 1978 to 2019.Findings are as follows.First,the emphasis of policies shifts with the policy evolution,featured by inheritance and development,reflecting four policy trends of marketization,integration,diversification and talent-driven innovation.Second,the institutional change of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements is characterized by path dependence.The separation of research and production shaped under the brand of planned economy,has been caught in lockdown with the benefits accumulation and incomplete market.The unlocking in political and cognitive level by“top-down”exogenous institutional driving force,and the“bottom-up”endogenous market mechanism formed by the pressure of environmental change and the profit-seeking of market entities,were and are helping establish new institutions and seek path breakthroughs.
作者
李胜会
夏敏
Li Shenghui;Xia Min(School of Public Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第10期1-13,共13页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
基金
教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“新时代我国科技评价制度改革研究”(19JZD025)
广州市哲学社会科学一般课题“广州加快‘1+4+4+N’战略科技平台建设研究”(2021GZYB02)。
关键词
科技成果转化
制度变迁
共词分析
路径依赖
Transformation of scientific and technological achievement
Institutional change
Co-word analysis
Path dependence
