闽江学院内河污染风险评价及水质动态变化研究

Water Pollution Risk Evaluation and Its Dynamic Change of Inland River in Minjiang University

闽江学院内河是由溪源江与原有池塘、河道打通连接而形成的独特景观水系。为了解闽江学院内河治理前后水质指标变化,掌握水环境特征动态趋势和污染风险情况,考察了总磷、总氮、氨氮、化学需氧量、悬浮物等9个常规水质指标12个月的变化情况,并采用《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)的单因子指数法和综合污染指数法对水质现状进行了评价。结果表明:治理后,去污率达到60.32%~78.63%,内河水质由Ⅴ类转为Ⅳ类;2020年4月~2021年3月期间平均综合污染指数值为0.77,水质合格,但在枯水期(11月和12月)水质污染较严重。根据污染成因探讨,提出了针对性治理措施和建议,为水质管理和水污染周期性防治提供参考。

The inland river of Minjiang University is a unique water system formed by the connection of Xiyuan River with the ponds and rivers.To realize the change of water quality index of the inland river before and after treatment,grasp the dynamic trend and water risk situation,the 9 conventional factors are monitored including total phosphorus,total nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen,COD,suspended particles for 12 months,the single factor index method and integrated pollution index method according to the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB3838—2002)are used for the evaluation of current water quality.The results show that the removal efficiency ranges from 60.32%to 78.63%,and the water quality of inland river is improved from GradeⅤto GradeⅣ.The average pollution index is 0.77 from April 2020 to March 2021,which shows that water quality was eligible.However,water was severely polluted during the dry season,from November to December.Based on the pollution causes above,the targeted treatment measures and suggestions are put forward for water quality management and periodic prevention.