政府采购与经济发展:转型效应与协同效应——基于产业结构升级视角

Government Procurement and Economic Development:Transformation Effect and Synergy Effect——From the Perspective of Industrial Structure Upgrading

本文基于产业结构升级视角,采用2015-2017年县区经济发展和企业获取的政府采购订单规模数据,对政府采购与经济发展的内在关系进行了分析。研究发现:本地、异地政府采购对经济发展分别表现出"抑制"和"促进"作用,并在整体上呈现出"抑制"效果;探究内在机理,本地政府采购有利于当地产业结构升级,表现出"转型效应"下的短期经济发展减速;异地政府采购则通过促进地区优势产业发展,表现出"协同效应"下的保增长作用;整体上政府采购对经济发展水平的影响主要以"转型效应"为主。进一步分析发现,整体和本地政府采购通过产业结构升级有效抑制了城乡收入差距。此外,政府采购对经济发展的影响主要在非国有企业、中小微企业中体现出来,并以自行采购作为主要实施手段。经济高质量发展面临多重经济发展价值目标抉择,需有效协调产业结构转型升级与城乡、区域协同发展的关系,优化政府采购规则,以平衡经济发展过程中规模与质量、效率与公平的关系,实现调结构与稳增长、促公平的协同。

Based on the perspective of industrial structure upgrading,this paper analyzes the internal relationship between government procurement and economic development using county-level economic development and government procurement scale data obtained by enterprises from 2015 to 2017.The study found that:Local and remote government procurement shows inhibiting and promoting effect in economic development respectively,and shows an inhibiting effect on the whole;Local government procurement is conducive to the upgrading of local industrial structure and shows a short-term economic slowdown under the transition effect;Through expanding the development of regional advantageous industries,the government procurement in different places can maintain the growth under the synergy effect.On the whole,the impact of government procurement on the level of economic development is mainly realized based on the transition effect.It is further found that the overall and local government procurement can effectively restrain the urban-rural income gap by upgrading the industrial structure.In addition,the role of government procurement on economic development is mainly in non-state-owned enterprises,small,medium and micro enterprises.To realize high-quality economic development,it needs to optimize government procurement rules to balance the relationship between scale,quality,efficiency and fairness in the process of economic development,and realize the coordination of structural adjustment,steady growth and fairness promotion.