摘要
基于单探测变化觉察和双任务范式,采用项目数量(3)×呈现时间(2)×文字线索(2)混合实验设计,对沉浸式虚拟学习环境图形加工特征和认知负荷进行探讨,以任务绩效法与主观测量法评定认知负荷。44名大学生的实验结果显示:(1)项目数量对虚拟空间图形识记主任务绩效和主观认知负荷有显著影响,项目数量越多,主任务正确率越低,反应时越长,主观评定认知负荷越高,同时加工刺激数量以4个为宜;(2)呈现时间对虚拟空间图形识记次任务绩效有显著影响,呈现时间越长,次任务正确率越高,呈现时间超过0.5s有利于次任务加工;(3)文字线索对虚拟图形识记认知负荷有显著影响,重复性文字线索会增加认知负荷。结果表明,在沉浸式虚拟环境中,图形加工的认知负荷特点与平面和三维图形基本一致,项目数量多、呈现时间短以及有重复性文字线索时,认知负荷更高;任务绩效和主观测量评定指标在反映认知负荷强度上不完全一致。
To detect influential factors of cognitive load in virtual reality learning environment,this study selected44 undergraduates as subjects to conduct a three-factor mixed design experiment:3(memorization project number:3,4,5)x 2(presentation time:0.5 s,0.8 s)x 2(text clues:with or without),using single stimulus test paradigm for stimulus perception detection and dual-task paradigm for cognitive load measurement.Participants were asked to determine whether a figure had just appeared on certain position or not after learning.A sub-task signal appeared half the time.The results showed that:(1)The number of items has a significant impact on learners’cognitive load.The more items,the lower the correct rate of main task and the higher the learners’cognitive load was.The appropriate number of stimulus is four;(2)Item duration had a significant impact on learners’cognitive load.The longer the item duration,the higher the accuracy of sub-tasks and the lower the learners’cognitive load was.However,item duration didn’t affect main-task’s performance.Item duration longer than 0.5 s was helpful for sub-task processing;(3)Text cues had significant effect on cognitive load.Repeated text cues increased cognitive load.These findings illustrated that number of items and length of item duration was positively related to cognitive load;text clue was helpful to released subjective cognitive load.Task performance and subjective measurement indicators were not always consistent in reflecting cognitive load intensity.
作者
陈丽君
刘丽敏
林岳阳
张玲燕
CHEN Lijun;LIU Limin;LIN Yueyang;ZHANG Lingyan(Faculty of Educational Science and Technology,Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University,Guangzhou 510665)
出处
《心理发展与教育》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第5期619-627,共9页
Psychological Development and Education
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“虚拟感知整合认知负荷的多维测评与优化控制研究”(18YJA880005)。
关键词
虚拟学习环境
认知负荷
图形加工
呈现时间
文字线索
virtual reality learning environment
cognitive load
graphic processing
presentation time
text clues