博士生自杀意念的影响因素模型及防控对策

Model of Influencing Factors of Doctoral Students’Suicidal Ideation and the Countermeasures

本研究基于自杀的应激—易感模型,构建以完美主义为中介的博士生自杀意念影响因素模型,探讨负性生活事件和完美主义对自杀意念的影响及作用路径。以高校博士生为研究对象,采用问卷调查法收集数据并进行统计分析,检验理论假设并构建模型。结果显示负性生活事件(r=0.483,p<0.01)和完美主义(r=0.399,p<0.01)能够正向预测自杀意念。完美主义在负性生活事件与自杀意念之间起部分中介作用,效应比为18.75%。未来博士生可以从两个方面加以努力:一是接纳负性事件,科学管理压力;二是培育理性心态,不要苛求完美。

Based on the stress-susceptibility model of suicide,this study constructs a model of the influence factors of suicidal ideation of doctoral students with perfectionism as an intermediary,and explores the influence and action path of negative life events and perfectionism on suicidal ideation.A survey of university doctoral students was conducted using a questionnaire.Data were collected and analyzed to test theoretical hypotheses and build models.Results showed that negative life events(r=0.483,p<0.01)and perfectionism(r=0.399,p<0.01)can positively predict suicidal ideation.Perfectionism plays a partial mediating role between negative life events and suicidal ideation,with an effect ratio of 18.75%.In the future,doctoral students can work hard in two ways:one is to accept negative events and manage pressure scientifically;the other is to cultivate a rational attitude and not to demand perfection.