传统更新与近现代转型:中国城市规划思想演变的美学探索与启示

Exploration on Changing of Urban Planning Thoughts of China from the Perspective of Landscape Aesthetics

规划思想是规划决策行为的先导,具体历史背景下的规划决策折射了当时的审美认知。开展关于规划决策行为的历时研究,探索城市规划思想演变历程中的美学转向,有助于厘清美学思想与规划决策行为的相互作用。基于景观美学理论,通过分析中国古代(1840年以前)、近代(1840−1949年)和中华人民共和国成立初期(1949−1965年)3个时期的典型城市规划决策行为,解读城市规划的思维驱动与审美倾向,提出当今城市同质化现象的主要原因在于规划思想中传统象征美学的弱化和本土美学文化尚未成熟的制约,旨在为我国城市规划思想传承与发展提供新视角与理论依据。

Planning thought is the forerunner of planning decision behavior,and the planning decision under the specific historical background reflects the aesthetic cognition at that time.To carry out a diachronic study of the behavior of planning decision-making and to analyze the essence of aesthetic thoughts contained in the evolution of urban planning thoughts is helpful to clarify the relationship between aesthetic thoughts and planning decision-making behaviors.Based on the theory of landscape(environmental)aesthetics,this paper analyzes the typical urban planning decision-making behaviors in the three periods of ancient China(before 1840),modern China(from 1840 to 1949)and after the founding of the People's Republic of China(after 1949),and interprets the thinking driving characteristics behind urban planning thoughts.It is clear that one of the reasons for the current urban homogenization lies in the weakening of traditional symbolic aesthetics in planning thoughts and the restriction of immature culture.The research aims to provide a new perspective and direction for the inheritance of urban planning ideas under the new normal.