中国灌丛生态系统主要调节服务及价值评估

Main Regulation Services and Value Assessment of Shrub Ecosystem in China

生态系统服务是评估生态系统状况和变化的重要指标,可为有效保护与科学利用生态系统提供依据。生态系统服务价值评估是认识生态价值,促进绿水青山转变为金山银山的基础。以“全国生态系统变化(2010−2015年)调查评估”项目数据为来源,采用《陆地生态系统生产总值(GEP)核算技术指南》中的方法,评估2015年全国灌丛生态系统4项调节服务及其价值。结果显示,全国灌丛生态系统水源涵养量为1652.89亿m3,土壤保持量为267.33亿t,防风固沙量为22.10亿t,固碳量为1289.96 Tg;价值量总量为22388.15亿元。水源涵养价值量>碳固定价值量>土壤保持价值量>防风固沙价值量,在全国尺度上呈现西部价值高于东部、南部价值高于北部的格局,价值量最高的省份集中在西南地区。

Ecosystem service is an important index to assess the status and change of ecosystem,which can provide the basis for effective protection and scientific utilization of ecosystem services.Assessment of ecosystem service value is fundamental for understanding the ecological value and promoting value transformation from clear water and green mountains to gold and silver mountains.Based on the data from"National Assessment on Ecosystem Changes Between 2010 and 2015"and methods in Technical Guidelines for Terrestrial Ecosystem Gross Product(GEP)Accounting,four regulation services and value of China's shrub ecosystem in 2015 was assessed.The results show that the total services quantity is 1652.89 billion cubic meters for water conservation,267.33 billion tons for soil conservation,22.10 billion tons for sandstorm prevention,and 1289.96 million tons for carbon sequestration.The total service value is 22388.15 billion yuan,with the descending order of water conservation,carbon sequestration,soil conservation,and sandstorm prevention.On the national scale,the service value is higher in west than in east,and higher in south than in north.The provinces with the highest service values are concentrated in the southwest.