河南省76698例体检人群心肺功能检查结果与分析

Results and analysis of pulmonary function examination in 76698 cases of physical examination crowd in Henain Province

目的:肺功能和心电图检查是心肺运动试验(CPET)人体心肺代谢整体功能评估不可或缺的组成部分,本研究对肺通气功能、换气功能和小气道功能异常及其临床相关特征进行分析。方法:采用横断面研究方法对2016年1月至2019年l2月在河南省人民医院就诊76698例体检人员行常规心电图、肺通气和换气功能检查,比较不同性别、年龄组心肺功能异常检出率,进一步分析心肺功能异常严重程度的特点。结果:①在76698例常规心电图异常检出率为71.04%。②肺通气功能异常检出率36.86%,其中男性44.78%(17570/39237),女性28.57%(10703/37461),男性显著高于女性(P<0.01),且各年龄段男性检出率均高于女性(P均<0.01)。③小气道功能异常检出率为56.26%,男性57.73%(22661/39237),女性54.72%(20499/37461),不同性别比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中30~39岁组,40-49岁组女性检出率高于男性(P均<0.05),20~29岁组,50~59岁组,60~69岁组,≥70岁组均男性高于女性(P<0.05)。④换气功能异常检出率为28.54%,其中男性30.55%(7433/24327),女性26.50%(5507/20780),二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);30~39岁组(P<0.05)、20~29岁组和40~49岁组(P均>0.05),检出率女性高于男性,50~59岁组,60~69岁组,≥70岁组,男性检出率均高于女性(P均<0.05)。结论:河南体检人群心功能、肺通气功能、换气功能及小气道功能异常的检出率较高,男性明显大于女性,年龄≥70岁者高于其他年龄段。

Objective:Pulmonary function testing(PFT)and electrocardiograph(ECG)are the vital components of the cardiopulmonary exercise test(CPET).This study is to investigate clinical characteristics of abnormal PFT as pulmonary ventilation dysfunction,small airway dysfunction and gas exchange(diffusion)dysfunction.Methods:Across-sectional study was conducted The 76698 outpatient subjects who received health examination from December 2016 to February 2019 in Henan Provincial People’s Hospital were recruited.The results of the ECG,PFT were compared among different sex and age sub-groups.Then the severity of their impaired PFT were analyzed.Results:Among 76698 subjects,39237 subjects were male and 37461 subjects were female.There were total 71.04%patients with abnormal ECG.There were total 28273(36.86%)patients with abnormal pulmonary ventilation function.The 17570 patients(44.78%)(17570/39237)were male,10703 patients(28.57%)(10703/37461)were female,both the number and percentage of abnormal pulmonary ventilation function in male was significantly more than these in female(P<0.01).The percentage detectable rates of male were significant higher than that of female in all the different age sub-groups:20~29,30~39,40~49,50~59,60~69 and≥70 year(P<0.01).The total detectable abnormal rate of small airway dysfunction were 43160 and 56.26%(43160/76698).The 57.73%(22661/39237)in male was significantly higher than 54.72%(20499/37461)in female(x2=74.87,P<0.01).The detectable abnormal rate of small airway dysfunction in male were lower than female in 30~39 year and 40~49year subgroups(P<0.05),but were significantly higher in 20~29,50~59,60~69,and≥70 yr sub-groups(P<0.05).Abnormal gas exchange(diffusion)dysfunction were detected in 28.54%(12940/45107)subjects.They were 7433(30.55%)in male,and 5507(26.50%)in female with significant gender difference(P<0.05).The abnormal diffusion detectable rate in 30~39 year sub-group was significant higher in female than in male(P<0.05),and were slightly higher without significant difference in 20~29 and 40~49 year sub-groups(P>0.05),but were significant lower in female than male in 50~59,60~69 and≥70 year sub-groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:The abnormal detectable rates in ECG,pulmonary ventilation dysfunction,gas exchange dysfunction and small airway dysfunction were higher in male than female,and higher in elder≥70 year subgroup than all other younger age subgroups.