酶联免疫生物测定纸质玩具中丙烯酰胺的迁移

Enzyme Immunobioassay of Acrylamide Migration in Paper Toys

目的建立纸质玩具中丙烯酰胺(acrylamide,AA)衍生化后酶联免疫生物的测定方法,对比分析在啃咬和舔舐暴露模式下AA的迁移规律,评估低龄儿童(3~36月龄)接触纸质玩具的AA日均摄入量和致癌风险。方法模拟不同温度(4,37,60℃)、盐浓度(0.001,0.01,0.1 mol/L)、pH(2,7,9)口腔暴露条件,研究AA的迁移规律,基于迁移曲线和Fick第二定律拟合相应的迁移模型,应用其预测实际样本的迁移情况。结果建立的酶联免疫生物检测方法的回收率为84.45%~92.31%,对比分析了啃咬和舔舐暴露模式下AA的迁移差别,迁移量与唾液模拟液的温度和盐离子的浓度呈正相关,pH的改变会影响AA的溶出;评估了低龄儿童接触儿童纸质玩具的AA日均摄入量和致癌风险,该值低于风险阈值。结论啃咬模式下纸质玩具中AA的迁移风险更大,基于温度37℃、离子强度0.01 mol/L和pH=7作为基线的接触条件,扩散系数(Dp)为2.20μm^(2)/s,拟合得到的迁移模型相关系数R2为0.90~0.98,应用于预测儿童纸质玩具中AA的线性曲线的相关系数R2为0.97,表明该模型可用于预测儿童纸质玩具中AA的迁移情况,此项工作对儿童接触纸质玩具的风险性评估具有重要意义。

The paper aims to compare and analyze the migration of AA under conditions of biting and licking exposure by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method for derivatization of acrylamide to evaluate the average daily intake of AA and cancer risk of young children(3-36 months) exposed to paper toys. The oral exposure conditions including temperature(4, 37, 60 ℃), salt concentration(0.001, 0.01, 0.1 mol/L) and pH(2, 7, 9) were simulated to study the migration of AA. Based on the migration curve and Fick’s second law, the corresponding migration model was fitted and applied to predict the migration of actual samples. According to ELISA, the recovery rate of which was 84.45%-92.31%, the difference of AA migration based on biting and licking model was analyzed. Migration of acrylamide was positively correlated with the temperature and salt ion concentration of saliva simulant and the change of pH would increase the dissolution of acrylamide. The average daily intake of AA and cancer risk of young children exposed to paper toys were evaluated, which was lower than the risk threshold. Therefore, the migration risk of AA in paper toys is greater under bitting model. When the temperature is 37 ℃, ionic concentration is 0.01 mol/L and pH is 7, the Dp value is 2.20 μm^(2)/s, the correlation coefficient R2 of the migration model is 0.90 ~ 0.98, and the correlation coefficient of the linear curve used to predict AA in children’s paper toys is 0.97, which indicates that the model can be used to predict the migration of AA in children’s paper toys. This work is of great significance to the risk assessment of children’s exposure to paper toys.