移动机器人全局路径规划算法综述

Overview of Global Path Planning Algorithms for Mobile Robots

全局路径规划是移动机器人室外工作的关键技术,全局路径规划相关算法主要应用于地理场景预知的室外环境中,机器人面对复杂多变的室外环境,通过对算法的优化改进来提高机器人路径规划的实时避障性、路径平滑性、规划有效性就成为了全局路径规划算法的核心研究内容。首先根据算法的智能程度,将移动机器人的全局路径规划算法分为传统全局路径规划算法和仿生智能全局路径规划算法,并深入阐述了实际应用更为广泛的多目标路径规划算法,然后介绍了当前每种算法的几种典型的优化改进方法,并对其优化改进后的算法的优缺点进行了分析总结,最后对全局路径算法的未来发展趋势进行了展望,指出全局路径规划算法将向优化已有常规算法路径规划的性能、多种算法优势融合、复杂环境中动态避障、适应多样化环境的地图表示方法这4方面发展。

Global path planning is the key technology of mobile robot outdoor work,and global path planning algorithm is mainly used in geographical scenarios to predict the outdoor environment.In the face of the complex outdoor environment,the robot optimizes the algorithm to improve real-time obstacle avoidance of robot path planning,path smoothness,planning effectiveness,which has become the core content in the research of global path planning algorithm.Depending on the degree of intelligent algorithm,the global path planning algorithm for mobile robot is divided into traditional global path planning algorithm and the bionic intelligent global path planning algorithm.Then,this paper further expounds the current practical multi-objective path planning algorithm,introduces several typical optimizations of each algorithm,and summarizes and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the improved algorithm.Finally,this paper discusses the future development trend of global path algorithm,and points out four aspects of future research and development,which are optimizing the performance of the conventional algorithm for path planning,various existing algorithms advantage integration,complex environment dynamic obstacle avoidance and improving map representation methods adapting to diverse environment.