蚕蛾药材的质量标准提升研究

Study on improving quality standard of silk moths

目的:为完善和提高蚕蛾药材的质量标准提供参考。方法:鉴别研究采用性状、显微及薄层方法;杂质检查采用肉眼观察法,水分检查采用烘干法,总灰分及酸不溶性灰分检查采用炽灼残渣法;含量测定采用总氮量法及全自动氨基酸分析仪法。结果:性状鉴别雄蚕蛾在触角、腹部、翅脉及尾部4处明显区别于雌蚕蛾;显微鉴别特征是刚毛、横纹肌、体壁碎片、气管壁碎片、羽状鳞、肌纤维及复眼;薄层鉴别以丙氨酸为对照,随机选取20111001药材作为蚕蛾对照药材,主要鉴别氨基酸类成分。杂质介于0.96%~2.08%,含水量介于4.03%~8.31%,总灰分介于4.30%~6.12%,酸不溶性灰分介于1.76%~2.12%。总氮量介于6.87%~9.90%。17种氨基酸的线性相关系数介于0.99974~0.99997;精密度实验RSD介于0.11%~0.52%;10h内稳定性良好,RSD介于0.03%~2.07%;重复性实验RSD介于0.19%~2.43%;回收率实验RSD介于2.03%~2.43%,平均回收率介于98.88%~102.24%;10批蚕蛾药材的17种氨基酸总含量介于34.00~113.54mg/g。结论:建立的性状鉴别、显微鉴别、薄层鉴别及含量测定方法专属性强、重现性好,具有较强创新性,对于控制蚕蛾药材质量具有显著意义;水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分测定结果,可以为提升蚕蛾药材质量标准提供实验依据。

Objective:To provide references for perfecting and improving the quality standards of silk moths.Methods:The character,microscopic and TLC were used for identification.The observation by naked eye was used for impurity test.The drying method was used for moisture inspection,and the burning residue method was used for inspection of total ash and acid insoluble ash.The total nitrogen method and the automatic analyzer were used for content determination.Results:As character identification,silk moths are obviously different from female silk moths in antennae,abdomen,wing veins and tail.The microscopic characteristics were setae,striated muscle,body wall debris,trachea wall debris,pinnate scales,muscle fibers and compound eyes.TLC identification were used for alanine as reference substance and for the herbs of 20111001 batches as control species randomly to identify amino acid component.The impurity content ranged 0.96%~2.08%,the water content ranged 4.03%~8.31%,the total ash content ranged 4.30%~6.12%,and the acid insoluble ash content ranged 1.76%~2.12%.The total nitrogen ranged 6.87%~9.90%.The linear correlation coefficient of 17 amino acids ranged 0.99974~0.99997.RSD of precision experiment ranged 0.11%~0.52%.Stability within 10 hours was good,RSD ranged 0.03%~2.07%.RSD of repetitive experiment ranged 0.19%~2.43%.RSD of recovery experiment ranged 2.03%~2.43%,average recovery rate ranged 98.88%~102.24%.The total content of 17 amino acids in 6 batches of dragonfly ranged 34.00~113.54mg/g.Conclusion:The established methods of character identification,microscopic identification,TLC identification and content determination are specific,reproducible and innovative,which has significance to control the quality of silk moths.The results of moisture,total ash and acid-insoluble ash detection can provide experimental basis for improving quality standards of silk moths.