论汉代乐舞社会教化职能的形成

On the Formation of Social Education Function of Music and Dance in the Han Dynasty

秦汉之间的社会变革使汉初以人为本思潮开始勃兴,并对汉代乐舞的观念和形制产生了重要影响。汉武帝时董仲舒提出在"天人相与之际""人能弘道,非道弘人",并被汉武帝确立为主流思想,从而为乐舞"乐和民声""以美化人"的社会教化职能奠定了思想基础。汉代乐舞以"人"为出发点和皈依点,理论内容更加丰富,形式更加多样,在充分强调了乐舞作为艺术形态自性之美的基础上,其社会教化职能也得到了更广泛而深入的发展,从而造就了充溢着强悍、进取、开拓、包容精神的强汉之音。

After the tyrannical Qin dynasty and the nationwide chaos,humanitarianism sprang up during the early Han dynasty,and it influenced the idea and forms of music and dance profoundly. The ideological trend advanced and then was sublimated to philosophy by Dong,Zhong-shu,who proposed the theory of heaven-human induction,thus the aesthetic education function of music and dance was awakened,and the thought that music must harmonize people’s hearts was widely accepted by the whole society. Based on this,the music and dance of Han dynasty,with a much wider diversification on both contents and forms,focused on the people’s livelihood and spiritual life,demonstrating an enterprising and even aggressive spirit,which served its social function of well,and accomplished the so-called Voice of Powerful Han.