广西仫佬族傩舞面具的文化解读

A Cultural Interpretation of Nuo Dance Mask of Mulam Ethnic Group in Guangxi

仫佬族傩舞即仫佬族依饭仪式中,由师公戴面具请神、扮神所表演的舞蹈。面具作为傩舞的物质载体,具有深厚的文化意蕴。通过对面具的解读,可窥见仫佬族文化结构,并对仫佬族文化进行整体性观照。仫佬族傩舞面具是仫佬族本民族文化与傩文化、佛道教文化及其他民族文化的集体共塑,彰显着仫佬族独特的生命意识和世俗观念。面具的结构、符号、细节中传递出多民族文化交融的信息,而其组织构成、仪式功能、佩戴方式又彰显着仫佬族"人神合一"的秩序理念。

The Nuo dance of Mulam is a dance performed by an elderly master who wears a mask to invite and act as a god in the Yifan ceremony.As the material carrier of Nuo dance,the mask has profound cultural implication.Through the interpretation of the mask,we can see the cultural structure of Mulam ethnic group and take a holistic view of Mulam culture.The Nuo dance mask of Mulam is the collective formation of Mulam ethnic culture,Nuo culture,Buddhism and Taoism culture,and multi-ethnic culture,demonstrating the unique life consciousness and secular concepts of Mulam ethnic group.The structure,symbol and details of the mask convey the diverse information of religious culture,multi-ethnic culture and its unique culture.Its organizational structure,ritual function and wearing mode also show the Mulam people’s order concept of"harmony of human and god".