工业互联网作用下的结构与权力变迁——数据作为重要生产资料的视角

The Changes of Structure and Power under the Influence of Industrial Internet:Based on the Perspective of Data as a Key Means of Production

第四次工业革命的多项技术在工业互联网中实现集成应用。本研究借鉴卡斯特的网络社会理论,基于实地调研和理论探索,分析工业互联网作用下的结构与权力变迁。工业互联网突出了数据的基础性地位,数据成为当今社会重要的生产资料,社会中的生产、交往与权力都在被数据化改造。在数据生成、连接、融通、集成、运用与消费的实践过程中,网络结构不再表现为流动空间凌驾于地方空间,而是流动空间对地方空间的拟真与整合,消费互联网中的平台垄断趋势不再是主流,代之以分行业分领域集中的多中心结构特点。区别于原来的网络权力,工业互联网中出现了数据生成、集成、运用等新型权力形式,社会矛盾集中在数据整合与数据区隔、数据生成消费与数据集成运用以及数据集成权力与数据运用权力之间的冲突与较量上。

Many technologies of the fourth industrial revolution are integrated and applied in the industrial internet. Based on field research and theoretical exploration, this article draws on Manuel Castells’ Network Society theory and analyzes the changes of structure and power under the influence of the industrial internet. The industrial internet highlights the fundamental role of data.Data has become a key means of production in today’s world. Production, communication, and power in society are all being transformed by data. In the practice of data generation, connection, interpretation, integration, application, and consumption, the network structure no longer manifests as the floating space overriding the local space, but as the floating space simulating and integrating the local space. Furthermore, the network structure no longer shows a pattern of monopoly by platforms in the consumption market. Instead, the new structure is a multi-centered pattern across different fields and sectors. Different from the old network powers, new powers emerged within the industrial internet in various forms, including data generation, integration, and application. Social conflicts are occurring along several new borders, such as the tensions between data integration and segmentation, data generation/consumption and integration/application, and the data integration power and the data application power.